طراحی و اعتبارسنجی الگوی ساختار اجتماعی فرهنگی دانشگاه ها

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

نظام آموزش عالی به­ عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین ارکان هر جامعه برای توسعه و پیشرفت شناخته می‌شود. هدف اصلی این پژوهش تدوین و اعتباریابی الگوی ساختار اجتماعی ­فرهنگی دانشگاه­ ها بود. روش پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و توسعه ­ای و از نظر شیوه­ گردآوری داده ­ها، ترکیبی اکتشافی متوالی و از نوع الگوسازی بود که با استفاده از روش همسوسازی داده­ های چندگانه در سه مرحله چارچوب نظری اولیه تدوین و اعتباریابی شد. برای شناسایی مؤلفه ­های ساختار اجتماعی­ فرهنگی دانشگاه­ ها، در مرحله اول 46 واحد مطالعاتی انتخاب و مطالعه شد. در مرحله دوم مصاحبه­ به­ صورت نیمه­ ساختاریافته و هدفمند با  16 نفر از خبرگان و مطلعان این حوزه صورت گرفت و در مرحله سوم با استفاده از پرسشنامه­ های ­محقق ­ساخته 378 نفر از کارکنان آموزشی و غیرآموزشی با روش نمونه­ گیری طبقه­ ای نسبی در 8 دانشگاه مختلف برگزیده شدند.  برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ­ها در مرحله اول از روش تحلیل محتوای اسناد به روش مقوله ­بندی، در مرحله دوم از روش تحلیل محتوا به­ صورت تحلیل مقوله­ ای و در مرحله سوم برای اعتباریابی چهارچوب تدوین شده از روش تحلیل حداقل مربعات جزئی با استفاده از نرم­ افزارSmart PLS استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که ساختار اجتماعی­­ فرهنگی دانشگاه ­ها در برگیرنده­ 12 مؤلفه­ اصلی شامل اعتماد، هنجارها و ارزش های مشترک، درک متقابل، پویایی ­های گروهی و کنش ­های مشارکتی، کانال ­های اطلاعاتی و ارتباطات شبکه­ ای، هویت، خطر­پذیری و نوآوری، رهبری و مدیریت، ساختار، ارزیابی، تکریم و منزلت­دهی­، مأموریت و رسالت و استقلال و آزادی است. لذا، مؤلفه ­های شناسایی شده­ این پژوهش می­ تواند مبنای مناسبی برای بررسی، شناخت و بهبود ساختار اجتماعی ­فرهنگی دانشگاه ­ها  توسط نهادهای عالی سیاستگذاری در آموزش عالی کشور باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing and Validating of Sociocultural Structure Model for Universities

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Shams 1
  • Khaled Mirahmadi 2

1 Associate Professor of Educational Administration, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Doctoral student of Educational Administration, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The higher education system is recognized as one of the most important factors of any society for development and progress. The main purpose of this study was to design and validate a model for social-cultural structure of universities. The research method was applied and developmental in terms of purpose and explanatory sequential mixed and modeling type in terms of data collection method. The initial theoretical framework was developed and validated in three stages using multiple data matching methods. In first stage, in order to identify the components of the social and cultural structure of universities, 46 study units were selected and studied. In the second stage, the interview was conducted in a semi-structured and purposeful manner with 16 experts and informants in this field. In the third stage, using stratified sampling method, 378 educational and non-educational staff were selected from 8 different universities. In the first stage, categorization document content analysis method was used for data analysis. In the second stage, categorical content analysis method was applied and in the third stage, Partial Least Squares, PLS adopted to validate the model through SMART PLS 3 software.  The research results showed that the social and cultural structure of universities includes 12 main components including trust, shared norms and values, mutual understanding, group dynamics and participatory actions, information channels and network communication, risk-taking and innovation, leadership and management, structure, evaluation, honor and dignity, mission, independence and freedom. Therefore, the identified components of this research can be a good basis for evaluating, understanding and improving the social and cultural structure of universities by higher education policy maker institutions in Iran.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sociocultural structure
  • universities
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