شناسایی و اولویت بندی عوامل مؤثر بر اقبال و عدم اقبال داوطلبان به دانشگاه ها و رشته های تحصیلی در آزمون های سراسری سال 1401-1397

نویسنده
سیده مریم حسینی لرگانی
دانشیار، گروه نوآوری آموزشی و درسی، مؤسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزش عالی، تهران، ایران.
10.61838/KMAN.IRPHE.31.3.7
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و اولویت­ بندی عوامل مؤثر بر اقبال و عدم اقبال داوطلبان به دانشگاه ­ها و رشته ­های تحصیلی با بیشترین و کمترین متقاضی در گروه­ های آزمایشی پنج­ گانه در آزمون­ های سراسری سال 1401-1397 انجام شد. برای دستیابی به هدف پژوهش از روش پژوهش توصیفی-پیمایشی استفاده شد. جامعه آماری شامل همه دانشجویان مشغول به تحصیل در رشته -دانشگاه­ های مربوط به گروه­ های آزمایشی پنج ­گانه طی سال­ های 1397 تا 1401 بود که 646 نفر از آن‌ها به روش نمونه ­گیری در دسترس بررسی و عوامل مؤثر بر اقبال و عدم اقبال داوطلبان به دانشگاه­ ها و رشته ­های تحصیلی با بیشترین و کمترین متقاضی در گروه ­های آزمایشی 5گانه در آزمون ­های سراسری سال­ های 1401-1397 شناسایی شدند. برای جمع ­آوری داده­ ها پرسشنامه محقق ­ساخته با 22 گویه طراحی شد. برای تحلیل داده ­ها از آماره ­های توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف استاندارد) و استنباطی (آزمون تی تک نمونه ­ای، فریدمن و یومن ویتنی)، با استفاده از نرم ­افزار spss26 استفاده شد. بر اساس تحلیل صورت گرفته از نظر دانشجویان درحال تحصیل در رشته- دانشگاه ­های با بیشترین اقبال به ترتیب عوامل 1- ارتباط با بازار کار، 2-برند دانشگاه، 3-موقعیت جغرافیایی دانشگاه، 4-کیفیت تحصیلی، 5- امکانات و زیرساخت­ های دانشجویی، 6– عوامل روانی-اجتماعی و از نظر دانشجویان در حال تحصیل در رشته- دانشگاه­ های با کمترین اقبال به ترتیب عوامل 1-ارتباط با بازار کار، 2- موقعیت جغرافیایی دانشگاه، 3-امکانات و زیرساخت ­های دانشجویی -رفاهی، 4-عوامل روانی-اجتماعی، 5-برند دانشگاه و 6-کیفیت تحصیلی بیشترین تا کمترین رتبه را به ­عنوان عوامل مؤثر بر انتخاب رشته و دانشگاه داشته­ اند. به­ علاوه، میان عوامل پنج­ گانه بین دو گروه تفاوت معناداری مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Identifying and Ranking the factors of Student Choices for Universities and Academic Disciplines with the Most and Least Applicants Across Five Experimental Cohorts in National Entrance exams from 2017 to 2022

نویسنده English

Maryam Hosseini Largani
Associate Professor, Educational and Curriculum Innovation Department, Higher Education Research and Planning Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The present study aimed to identify and prioritize the factors that influence candidates' preferences when selecting universities and academic fields, focusing on those with the highest and lowest preferences across five experimental groups during the national entrance exams from 2018 to 2022. A descriptive-survey approach was utilized to meet the study's goals. The population of this study encompassed all students enrolled in various disciplines within these five groups over the specified years. A sample of 646 students was conveniently chosen for participation. To gather data, a custom-designed questionnaire with 22 questions was used. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test, Friedman test and Mann–Whitney U test) through SPSS 26 software. Analysis revealed that students in highly preferred universities and fields prioritized factors in the following order: 1- labor market, 2- University branding, 3- University's geographical location, 4- Educational quality, 5- Facilities and student services, 6- Psycho-social influences. Conversely, students in less preferred universities and fields ranked these factors as follows: 1- labor market, 2- University's geographical location, 3- Student welfare facilities and services, 4- Psycho-social influences, 5- University branding, 6- Educational quality. Additionally, significant difference was observed among five factors between the two groups (p<0.001).

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Higher education
National entrance exams
Popular fields of study
Less popular fields of study
Popular universities
Less popular universities
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  • تاریخ دریافت 31 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 27 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 22 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 مهر 1404