فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی

سیاست های فرهنگی دانشگاه: نسبت میان آرمان تا واقعیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه خوارزمی

2 دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

پس از انقلاب اسلامی بخشی از وظیفۀ تقویت آموزه ­های دینی، ارتقای ارزش ­های انقلابی، مقابله با نفوذ فرهنگی غرب و همنوایی با اهداف نظام سیاسی جامعه برعهده دانشگاه گذاشته شد. سیاستگذاری فرهنگی در دانشگاه ­های کشور به­ عنوان بخشی از دستگاه ایدئولوژیک و در چارچوب گفتمان دولتی به ابزاری برای تقویت ارزش ­ها و آرمان­ های نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران تبدیل شد. در این مطالعه درباره نسبت میان چنین انتظاراتی با واقعیات موجود توصیفی ارائه شده است. با تکیه بر روش مطالعه اسنادی ابتدا وجوه برجسته آرمان­ های فرهنگی، به ­ویژه بخش مد نظر سیاستگذاران؛ یعنی سلوک و منش دانشجویان، توصیف و سپس با مرور نظام­ مند پیمایش ­های ملی، جنبه­ هایی از واقعیت اندیشه­ ها و رفتار دانشجویان تحلیل شده است. یافته ­ها نشان داد که بین آرمان­ های فرهنگی و واقعیت نگرش ­ها و گرایش ­های دانشجویان فاصله معنادار وجود دارد. این وضعیت ممکن است به ­دلیل ناکارآمدی سیاست­ ها یا نقصان در شیوۀ اجرای آنها باشد یا به نادیده گرفتن تأثیر عملکرد نهادها و شرایط ساختاری جامعه بر نگرش ­ها و رفتار فرهنگی جوانان و بی ­اعتنایی به مختصات زیست اجتماعی آنان در دنیای امروز مربوط باشد. در هر صورت، ضروری است که انتظارات فرهنگی از دانشگاه و دانشجو در چارچوبی واقع­ بینانه ­تر بازاندیشی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

University & Cultural Policies: The Relation Between Ideal and Reality

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Javaheri 1
  • Mina Helali Sotoudeh 2

1 kharazmi university

2 Esfahan University

چکیده [English]

After the Islamic Revolution part of the task of strengthening religious teachings, promoting revolutionary values, countering the cultural influence of the West and students' compliance with the goals of the political system of society was assigned to universities. Cultural policymaking in the country's universities, as a part of the ideological system and within the framework of government discourse, became a tool to strengthen the values and ideals of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In the present article, an attempt was made to examine the relationship between such expectations and the existing facts. For this reason, based on the method of documentary study, the salient aspects of the cultural ideals that policy makers were considered about the behavior and character of students was explained. Then relying on a systematic review of national surveys; aspects of the reality of students' thoughts and behavior were analyzed. The findings indicated that there is a significant gap between cultural ideals and the reality of students' attitudes and tendencies. This situation may be due to inefficiency of policies or shortcomings in the way they are implemented, or it may be due to ignoring the structural conditions of society and disregarding the social life of young people in today's world. In any case, it is necessary to rethink the cultural expectations of the university towards the student in a more realistic framework.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cultural policy
  • university
  • students' attitudes and behavior

  1. References

    1.         Absalan, S. (2009). Students' readings of university cultural policies: A case study. (MA. thesis). Allameh Tabatabaei University [in Persian].

    2.         Adorno, T. (2021). Introduction to sociology. Translate by: Sayra Rafiee, Tehran: Research Center for Cultur, Art & Communication [in Persian].

    1. Azad Armaki, T., & Nouh Manouri (2010). Presenting a model for content analysis of cultural policies. Cultural Studies and Communication, (20), 47- 76 [in Persian].
    2. Bashirieh, H. (2005). On the threshold of political anomie in Iran. Management and Development Process, 62, 22-29 [in Persian].
    3. Baratloo, F. (2012). The security of culture and its macro strategies in the field of cultural management. Cultural Research Society, 3(2), 1-15 [in Persian].
    4. Barotokubzadeh, M. (2011). Cultural policy in country's universities: A case study of the seventh and ninth governments of the Islamic Republic of Iran. (M.Sc. Thesis). Allameh Tabataba'i University [in Persian].
    5. Driss, P., Nasr Esfahani, A., & Rozkhosh, M. (2009). An analysis of cultural concrete texture in Iran; Research on Lack of Transparency and Ambiguity in Iranian Cultural Policy-Making. Quarterly Journal of the Association for Cultural Studies and Communication, 56, 46-69 [in Persian].
    6. Afroogh, E. (2016). Critical evaluation of the institution of science in Iran. Tehran: Research Institute for Cultural and Social Studies, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology [in Persian].
    7. Farasatkhah, M., Bazargan, A., & Ghazi Tabatabai, M. (2007). Comparative analysis of quality assurance systems in higher education in the world: Similarities and differences in global experiences. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 44, 1- 19 [in Persian].
    8. Farasatkhah, M. (2009). University and higher education, world landscapes and Iranian issues. Tehran: PNashr-e Ney Published [in Persian].
    9. Fazeli, N. (2008). Culture and University. Tehran: Third Edition [in Persian].
    10. Fazeli, N., & Ghelich, M. (2013). A new approach to cultural policy: Cultural policy from the perspective of cultural studies. Tehran: Tisa [in Persian].
    11. Ghaffary, Gh.R. (2015). Values and attitudes of students taken from the survey of values and attitudes of third wave Iranians. Tehran: Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Research Institute for Cultural and Social Studies [in Persian].
    12. Ghazian, H. (2001). The context of cultural policy in Iran today, in policy-making and culture in Iran today. Compiled by Vahid Majid, Tehran: Institute of Culture, Art and Communication, Center for the Recognition of Islam and Iran [in Persian].
    13. Gholamreza Kashi, M.J. (2003). Authoritarian and democratic cultural policy, in the book policy and culture in Iran today. Tehran: Center for the Recognition of Islam and Iran [in Persian].
    14. Goodarzi, Gh.R., & Sheikhzadeh, M. (2009). Analysis of the current situation of organizing the cultural institutions of the country with a look at the concept of cultural engineering. Cultural Research, 3 ( 5), 128-119 [in Persian].
    15. Hashem Zehi, N. (2009). Islamization of the university and the tendency of academics. Tehran: Representation of the Supreme Leader in Universities [in Persian].
    16. Javaheri, F., & Jalali, S.Y. (1400). The impacts of cultural policy in Iran, Proposing a Study Model. Cultural Studies - Communication, (53), 201 – 222 [in Persian].
    17. Kazemi Varij, A. (2016). The new university proletariat in Iran, in the book university of Iranian theoretical reflections and experience. Compiled by Reza Mahouzi, Tehran: Research Institute for Cultural and Social Studies [in Persian].
    18. Khajeh Sarvi, Gh.R. et al. (2013). Design and implementation of a general model for evaluating socio-cultural progress in universities. Cultural Research Quarterly, (4), 23- 41 [in Persian].
    19. Mardiha, M., & Paknia, M. (2017). Elite University, Tudeh University. Tehran: Research Institute for Cultural and Social Studies, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology [in Persian].
    20. Milner, A., & Browitt, J. (2006).Contemporary cultural theory. Translated by Jamal Mohammadi, Tehran: Phoenix [in Persian].
    21. Moghtadaei, M., & Azghandi, A.R. (2016). Pathology of cultural policy-making of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Quarterly Journal of Political Science, 12 (34), 7-26 [in Persian].
    22. Morshedi, A., & Khalaj, J. (2013). Evaluation of the country's higher cultural education policies: Pluralism in the unity/coexistence of scientific and religious culture. Welfare and Social Development Planning, 14, 107- 144 [in Persian].
    23. Moshabaki, A., & Khademi, A.A. (2008). Pathological study of Iranian cultural policies and policy-making after the Islamic Revolution. Cultural Research Letter, 14, 133- 178 [in Persian].
    24. Nasr Esfahani, A. (2016). Students' values and attitudes, taken from the survey of Iranian values and attitudes of the first and second wave. Tehran: Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Institute of Cultural and Social Studies [in Persian].
    25. Niazi, M., & Shafaei Moghadam, E. (2009). Explaining the relationship between scientific socialization and the formation of student identity. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 25, (4), 53-72 [in Persian].
    26. Paya, A. (2006). University, scientific thinking, innovation and public domain. Tehran: Research Institute for Cultural and Social Studies, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology in Persian].
    27. Rezaei, M., & Gholamreza Kashi, M.J. (2005). Challenges of reproducing government hegemony through school discourse. Iranian Journal of Sociology, 6(4), 34- 58 [in Persian].
    28. Sadeghi, S., & Erfanmanesh, I. (2015). Methodological foundations of documentary research in social sciences. Culture Strategy, (29), 61-91[in Persian].
    29. Salehi Amiri, S.R., & Kavousi, E. (2008). Introduction to the executive stages of comprehensive cultural planning [in Persian].
    30. Serajzadeh, S.H. (2003). Attitudes and behavior of public university students (2015, 2015). Tehran: Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Institute of Cultural and Social Studies [in Persian].
    31. Seyed Emami, K. (2012). Cultural diversity and the need to protect it. Culture and Communication Studies, 13(20), 169-191 [in Persian].
    32. Sharifi, A.R., & Fazeli, A.R. (2010). Analysis of cultural policy in the Islamic Republic of Iran: Injuries and strategies. Quarterly Journal of Parliament and Strategy, 19(69), 55- 89 [in Persian].
    33. Taghavian,A. (2016). The future of academic social capital: An analytical model, in the book university of Iranian theoretical reflections and experience. Compiled by Reza Mahouzi, Tehran: Research Institute for Cultural and Social Studies [in Persian].
    34. Vahid, M. (2007). Discussion in cultural policy. Journal of the Faculty of Law and Political Science, 37(3), 306 – 287 [in Persian].
    35. Zaker Salehi, Gh.R., & Zaker Salehi, A. (2009). Iran and its currency. Quarterly Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 2 (2), 29- 45 [in Persian].

    Zakai, M.S., & Sadat Shafiei, S. (2010). Anatomy of the cultural policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Cultural Studies and Communication, (20), 77- 120 [in Persian].

فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
دوره 28، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 106
دی 1401
صفحه 23-41