فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی

رویکرد فراترکیب به استمرار یادگیری در آموزش‌ عالی با استفاده از آموزش برخط ویژه بحران کرونا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه شیراز

10.52547/irphe.28.3.199

چکیده

تحولات فناورانه که با زندگی روزمره عجین شده است، نهاد آموزش عالی را نیز تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. در این خصوص، فناوری‌های جدید از جمله تلفن همراه با ارائه اطلاعات به افراد، در هر مکان و هر زمان از طریق فناوری بی‌سیم، به بهبود عملکرد دانشگاهی کمک کرده و آموزش عالی را همواره استمرار بخشیده است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی مؤلفه‌های الگوی استمرار یادگیری در آموزش­ عالی با استفاده از آموزش برخط ویژه بحران کرونا بود. این پژوهش کیفی با استفاده از روش شش مرحله‌ای ساندلوسکی و باروسو انجام شد. 39 مقاله مرتبط با موضوع مطالعه در بازده زمانی سال 2019 تا 2021 از طریق جست­ وجو در پایگاه‌های علمی معتبر داخل و خارج از کشور تحلیل شد. داده‌های به­ دست آمده با روش تحلیل مضمون تحلیل شدند. یافته‌های مطالعه، استخراج 15 مضمون مؤثر بود که مبنای طراحی مدل مفهومی یادگیری در آموزش‌ عالی با حمایت از اشکال مؤثر آموزش برخط در زمان شیوع کرونا بود. دسته‌بندی این عوامل در چهار مضمون اصلی شامل رسالت‌های جدید (توسعه بهینه توانایی بالقوه، آموزش حرفه ­ای، آموزش تغییر و توسعه، آموزش شهروندی و بلوغ سیاسی دانشجویان)، اهداف فرایند یاددهی و یادگیری (گردآوری دانش، یادگیری وظایف جدید، توسعه دانش، مهارت، نگرش و ارزش ­ها، آموزش چندوجهی و متن‌محور و پویا)، الزامات و بسترها (آشنایی با فناوری­ های رایانه‌ای، زیرساخت­ ها و دسترسی به فناوری و رویکردهای ارزیابی (ارزیابی یادگیری برخط، ارزیابی یادگیری آفلاین و ارزیابی در طول زمان یادگیری) بود. نتایج این مطالعه کیفی نشان داد که استمرار یادگیری در آموزش‌ عالی با حمایت از اشکال مؤثر آموزش برخط در زمان شیوع کرونا با شناخت رسالت‌های جدید، در نظر گرفتن الزامات و بسترها، توجه به اهداف فرایند یاددهی و یادگیری و رویکردهای ارزیابی امکان‌پذیر خواهد بود. آگاهی برنامه‌ریزان، سیاستگذاران و مدیران دانشگاه‌ها از استلزامات یادشده در پرتو توجه به مؤلفه‌های الگوی مفهومی موجب استمرار یادگیری در آموزش‌ عالی با استفاده از آموزش برخط خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Meta-synthesis approach to continuity of learning in higher education by online education especially for Corona crisis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghasem Salimi
  • Mehdi Mohammadi
  • Reza Naseri Jahromi
  • Maryam Safari
  • Fatemeh Mirghafari

Shiraz university

چکیده [English]

The main goal of this research was to identify the components of the model of continuity of learning in higher education by using online education especially for the Corona crisis. This qualitative research was conducted using the six-step method of Sandlovski and Barroso. Through searching in reliable scientific databases inside and outside the country 39 articles related to the subject of the study and were published during 1919-22 were analyzed. The obtained data were analyzed by content analysis method. The findings of the study were the extraction of 15 effective themes which was the basis for designing the conceptual model of learning in higher education by supporting effective forms of online education during the outbreak of Corona. The classification of these factors into four main themes including new missions (optimal development of potential ability, professional training, training for change and development, training for citizenship and political maturity of students), the goals of the teaching and learning process (gathering knowledge, learning new tasks, developing knowledge, skills, attitudes and values, multimodal and text-centered and dynamic education, requirements and contexts (familiarity with computer technologies, infrastructure and access to technology and evaluation approaches (online learning evaluation, offline learning evaluation, and evaluation over time) The results of this qualitative study showed that the continuation of learning in higher education by supporting effective forms of online education during the outbreak of the Corona virus, by recognizing new missions, taking into account the requirements and platforms, paying attention to the goals of the teaching and learning process and evaluation approaches is possible. The awareness of the planners, policy makers and university administrators of the mentioned requirements in the light of paying attention to the components of the conceptual model will lead to the continuity of learning in higher education using online education.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • continuity of learning
  • Corona crisis
  • higher education
  • Meta-synthesis
  • online education
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فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
دوره 28، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 105
آذر 1401
صفحه 199-295