ساخت و ‌رواسازی معیارهایی برای ارزیابی مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی دانشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه رازی

10.52547/irphe.28.3.113

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر ساخت و رواسازی ابزاری برای ارزیابی مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی در دانشگاه‌ رازی بود. بدین منظور از روش پژوهش‌ آمیخته‌ متوالی اکتشافی و در بخش کیفی نیز از روش گروه‌های بحث متمرکز (فوکوس گروپ) استفاده شد (27 =n). جامعه‌ آماری در بخش کمّی دانشجویان دکتری، اعضای هیئت علمی و کارشناسان دانشگاه رازی بودند (1425=N) که تعداد 152 تن از آنها به­ عنوان نمونه آماری با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای انتساب متناسب انتخاب شدند. روایی ظاهری و محتوایی ابزار پژوهش توسط گروه بحث متمرکز و محاسبه‌ «نسبت روایی محتوا» و روایی سازه با استفاده از میانگین واریانس استخراجی و پایایی آن از طریق محاسبه‌ پایایی ترکیبی و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که فعالیت‌های دانشگاه برای انجام دادن مسئولیت اجتماعی خویش در قبال جامعه در 9 بعد شامل مسئولیت‌پذیری در قبال دانشجویان، مسئولیت‌پذیری در قبال کارکنان و اعضای هیئت علمی، مسئولیت‌پذیری اقتصادی، مسئولیت‌پذیری در قبال دانشگاه‌های همکار (همکاری بین دانشگاهی)، مسئولیت‌پذیری در قبال جامعه بیرونی، مسئولیت‌پذیری در قبال محیط زیست، مسئولیت‌پذیری در قبال آموزش با کیفیت، مسئولیت‌پذیری برای فرهنگ‌سازی و مسئولیت‌پذیری رهبری (مدیریت) دانشگاه قابل شناسایی است. این ابعاد درمجموع، 518/81 درصد از واریانس مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی دانشگاه را تبیین می‌کنند. افزون بر این، یافته‌ها نشان داد که فعالیت‌های دانشگاه در زمینه‌ مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی از وزن یکسانی برخوردار نیستند و هر یک وزن و سهم متفاوتی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Construction and validation of criteria for university social responsibility assessment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Laleh Salehi
  • Feyzallah Monavvarifard

Razi university

چکیده [English]

The purpose of the current research was to construct and validate an instrument for evaluating social responsibility in Razi University. For this purpose, the sequential exploratory mixed research method was used, and in the qualitative part, the focus group discussion method (n = 27) was utilized. The statistical population in the quantitative section were doctoral students, faculty members and experts of Razi University (N=1425), of which 152 were selected as a statistical sample using stratified proportional assignment sampling.  The external and content validity of the research tool was confirmed by the focus group discussion and the calculation of the content validity ratio and construct validity using the average variance extracted and its reliability through the calculation of composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The findings of the research showed that the activities of the university to fulfill its social responsibility towards society in 9 dimensions including responsibility towards students, responsibility towards staff and faculty members, economic responsibility, responsibility towards partner universities (inter-university cooperation), responsibility towards  the external society, responsibility for the environment, responsibility for quality education, responsibility for cultural development and responsibility for the leadership (management) of the university can be identified.  In total, these dimensions explain 81.518% of the variance of the university's social responsibility. In addition, the findings indicated that the activities of the university in the field of social responsibility do not have the same weight and each one has a different weight and contribution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • University Social Responsibility
  • USR assessment
  • focus Grope discussion
  • sequential exploratory mixed methods
  • Razi University
  1. Alimohammadlou, M., Akbari, B., & Mahdavianpour, E. (2014). Identifying social responsibility in universities (USR) using fuzzy Delphi. Case study: Shiraz University. Iranian Higher Education, 6(3), 161-192 [in Persian].
  2. Alizadeh, N., Sedighi, H., Pezeshki Rad, R., & Farasatkhah, M. (2017). Analysis of transformation mechanisms in Iranian Agricultural Higher Education System. Journal of Economics and Development Research, 48(1), 43-53.
  3. Alshuwaikhat, H.M., & Abubakar, I. (2008). An integrated approach to achieving campus sustainability: Assessment of the current campus environmental management practices. Journal of Cleaner Production, 16(16), 1777-1785.
  4. Amini, M., Rahimi, H., Salehi, M., & Mousavi, S. (2013). The assessment of students responsibility in University of Kashan [in Persian].
  5. Aristimuño, M., & Monroy, C.R. (2014). Responsabilidad social universitaria. Su gestión desde la perspectiva de directivos y docentes. Estudio de caso: Una pequeña universidad latinoamericana. Interciencia, 39(6), 375-382.
  6. Ayuso, S., Carbonell, X., & Serradell, L. (2021). Assessing universities’ social sustainability: Accounting for stakeholder value. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education.
  7. Baradaran Haghir, M., Noorshahi, N., & Roshan, A.R. (2019). The conceptualization of social responsibility of the university in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 25(3), 1-26.
  8. Boni, A., & Gasper, D. (2012). Rethinking the quality of universities: How can human development thinking contribute? Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 13(3), 451-470.
  9. Brivio Borja, A., & Montano Rodríguez, F. (2016). La responsabilidad social universitaria. Tratamiento en la UMET. Conrado, 12(1), 111-118.
  10. Buffel, T., Skyrme, J., & Phillipson, C. (2017). Connecting research with social responsibility: Developing ‘age-friendly’communities in Manchester, UK. In University social responsibility and quality of life (pp. 99-120). Springer.
  11. Carroll, A.B. (1979). A three-dimensional conceptual model of corporate performance. Academy of Management Review, 4(4), 497-505.
  12. Castañeda, G., Ruiz, M., Viloria, O., Castañeda, R., & Quevedo, Y. (2007). El rol de las universidades en el contexto de la responsabilidad social empresarial. Negotium, 3(8), 100-132.
  13. Chen, C., & Vanclay, F. (2021). Transnational universities, host communities and local residents: Social impacts, university social responsibility and campus sustainability. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education.
  14. Chen, C., Vanclay, F., & Zhang, Y. (2019). The social impacts of a stop-start transnational university campus: How the impact history and changing plans of projects affect local communities. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 77, 105-113.
  15. Coelho, M., & Menezes, I. (2020). University social responsibility as a driving force of change: Students’ perceptions beyond the ivory tower. On the Horizon, 28(2), 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1108/OTH-02-2020-0005
  16. Davis, L., Wang, S., & Lindridge, A. (2008). Culture influences on emotional responses to on-line store atmospheric cues. Journal of Business Research, 61(8), 806-812.
  17. de Sousa, J.C.R., Siqueira, E.S., Binotto, E., & Nobre, L.H.N. (2020). University social responsibility: Perceptions and advances. Social Responsibility Journal.
  18. Drucker, P. (2012). Management. Routledge.
  19. Dusingize, M.P., & Nyiransabimana, V. (2017). A study of University Social Responsibility (USR) practices at Rwanda’s Institut Catholique de Kabgayi. In Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainability, and Ethical Public Relations. Emerald Publishing Limited.
  20. Edwards, S. (1998). Openness, productivity and growth: What do we really know? The Economic Journal, 108(447), 383-398.
  21. Esfijani, A., Hussain, F., & Chang, E. (2013). University social responsibility ontology. Engineering Intelligent Systems, 21(4), 271-281.
  22. Etzkowitz, H. (2003). Research groups as ‘quasi-firms’: The invention of the entrepreneurial university. Research Policy, 32(1), 109-121.
  23. Gaete Quezada, R.A. (2015). The concept of university social responsibility from the perspective of upper direction. Cuadernos de Administración (Universidad del Valle), 31(53), 97-107.
  24. Gomez, L. (2014). The importance of university social responsibility in Hispanic America: A responsible trend in developing countries. In Corporate social responsibility and sustainability: Emerging trends in developing economies. Emerald, Bingley, 241-268.
  25. Gupta, B., Iyer, L.S., & Aronson, J.E. (2000). A study of knowledge management practices using grounded theory approach.
  26. (2014). Calidad total y productividad. MCGRAW-HILL INTERAMERICANA-MUA.
  27. Habibi, N., Vazifehdust, H., & Jafari, P. (2016). Upgrading Islamic Azad University social accountability factors. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 22(2), 125-145 [in Persian].
  28. Hair, J.F., Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152.
  29. Latif, K. F. (2018). The development and validation of stakeholder-based scale for measuring university social responsibility (USR). Social Indicators Research, 140(2), 511-547.
  30. Leal Filho, W., Doni, F., Vargas, V.R., Wall, T., Hindley, A., Rayman-Bacchus, L., Emblen-Perry, K., Boddy, J., & Avila, L.V. (2019). The integration of social responsibility and sustainability in practice: Exploring attitudes and practices in Higher Education Institutions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 220, 152-166.
  31. Lo, C.W. H., Pang, R.X., Egri, C.P., & Li, P.H.Y. (2017). University social responsibility: Conceptualization and an assessment framework. In University social responsibility and quality of life (pp. 37-59). Springer.
  32. Maslen, G. (2012). Worldwide student numbers forecast to double by 2025. University World News, 209(2).
  33. Monavvarifard, F., Baradaran, M., & Khosravipour, B. (2019). Increasing the sustainability level in agriculture and Natural Resources Universities of Iran through students’ engagement in the value Co-creation process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 234, 353-365.
  34. Perić, J., & Delić, A. (2016). Developing social responsibility in Croatian Universities: A benchmarking approach and an overview of current situation. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, 13(1), 69-80.
  35. Rajabian Gharib, F., Mohammadzadeh, S., & Sharifzadeh, M.S. (2021). Developing a model for university-community engagement based on social responsibility approach in agricultural higher education. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 26(4), 85-111.
  36. Rasche, A. (2020). The United Nations Global Compact and the sustainable development goals. In Research Handbook of Responsible Management. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  37. Rauen, T.R., Lezana, Á.G.R., & da Silva, V. (2015). Environmental management: An overview in higher education institutions. Procedia Manufacturing, 3, 3682-3688.
  38. Reiser, J. (2008). University social responsibility definition. Disponible en internet. Retrieved from http://www. usralliance. org/resources/Aurilla_Presentation_Session6. pdf.
  39. Sánchez-Hernández, M.I., & Mainardes, E.W. (2016). University social responsibility: A student base analysis in Brazil. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, 13(2), 151-169.
  40. Sedlacek, W.E., Benjamin, E., Schlosser, L.Z., & Sheu, H.B. (2007). Mentoring in academia: Considerations for diverse populations. The Blackwell handbook of mentoring: A multiple perspectives approach, 259-280.
  41. Shafei, R., & Azizi, N. (2014). Investigating of organizational social responsibility in higher education institutions in the west of Iran (design an evaluation model). Journal of Organizational Behavior in Elementary Education, 1 (2), 1-22.
  42. Sharifzadeh, A., & Abdollahzadeh, G. (2009). Explaining strengthening mechanisms, institutional orientations and problematic challenges.
  43. Shriberg, M. (2002). Institutional assessment tools for sustainability in higher education: Strengths, weaknesses, and implications for practice and theory. Higher Education Policy, 15(2), 153-167.
  44. Stolze, A., & Sailer, K. (2021). Advancing HEIs’ third-mission through dynamic capabilities: The role of leadership and agreement on vision and goals. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 1-25.
  45. Taylor, M.C. (2010). Crisis on campus: A bold plan for reforming our colleges and universities. Alfred a Knopf Incorporated.
  46. Terán-Bustamante, A., & Torres-Vargas, A. (2020a). University Social Responsibility (USR) and its mission: The case of the Universidad Panamericana in Mexico.In Strategy, Power and CSR: Practices and Challenges in Organizational Management. Emerald Publishing Limited.
  47. Terán-Bustamante, A., & Torres-Vargas, A. (2020b). University Social Responsibility (USR) and its mission: The case of the Universidad Panamericana in Mexico. In S. García-Álvarez & C. Atristain-Suárez (Eds.), Strategy, power and CSR: Practices and challenges in organizational management (pp. 235-257). Emerald Publishing Limited. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83867-973-620201013.
  48. (1997, December). Educating for a sustainable future: A transdisciplinary vision for concerted action; international conference; Thessaloniki, 8-12 December 1997. Unesco.
  49. Vallaeys, F. (2007). Responsabilidad social universitaria. Propuesta para una definición madura y eficiente. Programa para la formación en humanidades.
  50. Vallaeys, F. (2014). La responsabilidad social universitaria: Un nuevo modelo universitario contra la mercantilización. Revista Iberoamericana de Educación Superior, 5(12), 105-117.
  51. Vasilescu, R., Barna, C., Epure, M., & Baicu, C. (2010). Developing university social responsibility: A model for the challenges of the new civil society. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 4177-4182.
  52. Vázquez, J.L., Aza, C.L., & Lanero, A. (2016). University social responsibility as antecedent of students’ satisfaction. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, 13(2), 137-149.
  53. Velazquez, L., Munguia, N., Platt, A., & Taddei, J. (2006). Sustainable university: What can be the matter? Journal of Cleaner Production, 14(9-11), 810-819.
  54. Viebahn, P. (2002). An environmental management model for universities: From environmental guidelines to staff involvement. Journal of Cleaner Production, 10(1), 3-12.
  55. Wilkins, S. (2017). Ethical issues in transnational higher education: The case of international branch campuses. Studies in Higher Education, 42(8), 1385-1400.