پژوهشی کیفی درباره شناسایی موانع خلقِ دانش در دانشگاه

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

در مطالعه حاضر با بهره‌گیری از روش ‌‌تحقیقِ کیفی ‌اکتشافی موانع مربوط به نظام دانش‌آفرینی در دانشگاه‌ها شناسایی شد. در این پژوهش با 14 نفر از متخصصانِ حوزۀ دانش‌آفرینی به روشِ اکتشافیِ نیمه‌ساختاریافته مصاحبه شد و اطلاعات به ­دست آمده با روش تحلیل محتوا تجزیه ‌و ‌تحلیل شدند. تحلیلِ یافته‌ها نشان داد که موانع دانش‌آفرینیِ دانشگاهی کدام‌اند؛ به‌عبارتی، مشخص شد که اعضای هیئت علمی برای خلق دانش انگیزۀ کافی ندارند و برای انجام دادن پژوهش‌های بنیادی و کاربردی وقت لازم را صرف نمی‌کنند. همچنین آنها در مهارت‌های مورد نیاز و پایه برای دانش‌آفرینی ضعیف‌اند و به‌اشتراک‌گذاری دانش در دانشگاه برایشان مهم نیست. افزون ‌بر این موارد، ساختار سازمانی مناسبی وجود ندارد و فرهنگ دانش‌آفرینی در دانشگاه دیده نمی­ شود. همچنین تا به ‌حال از مدیران ارشد دانشگاه برای تولید دانش حمایت کافی نشده است و نظام‌های توسعۀ منابع انسانی در دانشگاه به ‌اندازۀ کافی وجود ندارد و به مقطع تحصیلات تکمیلی بی‌توجهی شده و در سطح ملی و بین‌المللی ارتباطات کافی برقرار نشده است؛ علاوه‌ بر این، شبکۀ دانش در دانشگاه‌ها طراحی نشده و استقرار نیافته، مطالعات میان­ رشته ­ای و بین‌رشته‌ای به ‌حد لازم صورت نگرفته، امکانات و تجهیزات (سخت‌افزاری و نرم‌افزاری) نامناسب و ناکافی و منابع مالی کافی به دانشگاه اختصاص داده نشده و سیاست‌های مشخصی برای برقراری ارتباط مؤثر میان صنعت و دانشگاه تدوین نشده است. درنهایت، در راهبردها و خط‌مشی‌های دانشگاه نقش دانش‌آفرینی کمرنگ بوده است. این موانع در سه دستۀ عوامل سازمانی، فردی و پشتیبانی طبقه‌بندی شده­ اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A qualitative research on identifying barriers to knowledge creation at university

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Narenjithani 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Mirkamali 2

1 Faculty of Psychology and Education, Tehran University

2 Faculty of Psychology and Education, Tehran University

چکیده [English]

The present study has identified the barriers of knowledge creation system by using a qualitative-explorative research approach at universities. In this research, 14 experts from the knowledge creation area were interviewed by semi-structured exploratory method and the information obtained from these interviews were analyzed through content analysis method. The findings showed the barriers of knowledge creation as following: faculty members did not have enough motivation to create new knowledge and they do not take the time to do basic and applied research. Furthermore, they are lacking the basic skills needed for knowledge creation: and knowledge sharing is not important to them. In addition, there is no appropriate organizational structure, and there is a lack of knowledge creation culture at the university. There is not enough support from university senior administrators for creating knowledge; there is not enough human resources development system; postgraduate studies have been neglected; there is insufficient communication at national and international levels; the knowledge network has not been designed and deployed;  the interdisciplinary studies have not been carried out as needed; there is inadequate facilities and equipment (hardware and software); sufficient funds are not allocated to the university; and there are no specific policies for effective communication between industry and the university. Finally, the role of knowledge-creation has been neglected in university strategies and policies. These barriers are classified into three categories: organizational, personal, and support factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • knowledge creation
  • Higher Education
  • Barriers
  • Knowledge Management
  • faculty members
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