فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
تبیین شاخص‌های دانشگاه نسل سوم و بررسی دستیابی نظام آموزش عالی به آنها؛ مورد: دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان
2 دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان
3 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان
چکیده
از جمله زمینه‌های توسعه در آموزش عالی حرکت به سمت بهره‌مندی از نظام‌های دانشگاهی با ویژگی‌های نسل سوم است. بر این اساس، هدف پژوهش حاضر تبیین شاخص‌های دانشگاه نسل سوم و بررسی میزان دستیابی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان به این شاخص‌ها از دیدگاه مدیران دانشگاه و اعضای هیئت علمی بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع پژوهش‌های کیفی، از نظر شیوه جمع‌آوری داده‌ها توصیفی و طرح آن نیز پیمایشی (زمینه‌یابی) با روش مصاحبه بود. جامعه آماری شامل همه اعضای هیئت علمی و مدیران دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان (629 نفر) بود که 15 نفر با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش مقوله‌بندی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که پنج شاخص اصلی دانشگاه نسل سوم شامل مهارت‌آموزی، کارآفرینی، استقلال همه‌جانبه، تعامل دانشگاه با جامعه و خلاقیت و ایده‌پردازی است. همچنین دانشگاه برای دستیابی به این شاخص‌ها نیازمند توجه به زمینه سازی برای نهادینه شدن تفکر کارآفرینی، استقلال سیاسی و اقتصادی دانشگاه، ارتباط دانشگاه با صنعت و جامعه، حمایت از شرکت‌های دانش بنیان و افزایش فرصت‌های مطالعاتی و به‌روزرسانی است. نتایج نشان داد که هیچ کدام از ویژگی‌های دانشگاه نسل سوم به صورت کامل در دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان وجود ندارد و این دانشگاه هنوز در نسل اول (آموزش‌محور) یا در مرحله گذار به نسل دوم دانشگاهی (پژوهش‌محور) قرار دارد و در برخی از شاخص‌ها از جمله ویژگی دانشگاه وابسته به شبکه(نت) و تحقیقات فرارشته‌ای و میان‌رشته‌ای تا حدودی در حال نزدیک شدن به دانشگاه نسل سوم و در سایر شاخص‌ها از جمله استقلال، بهره‌برداری از دانش و بین‌المللی بودن ضعیف است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Explaining the characteristics of the third generation university and examining their achievement in Iranian higher education: Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman case
نویسندگان [English]
- Zohreh Mirzaie 1
- Asghar Soltani 2
- Hossein Motaharinezhad 3
1 M.A. in Educational Planning, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 Associate professor, Department of Education, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]
One of the areas of development in higher education is the move towards benefiting from the third-generation university systems. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to explain the characteristics of a third generation university and to examine their achievement from point of view of administrators and faculty members at Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. The current study was a qualitative and descriptive survey research design. The population was comprised all administrators and faculty members at Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman (N=629). Fifteen individuals were selected through purposive sampling method for interviews. The categorizing method was used for data analysis. Results showed that from interviewees’ point of views, the five main characteristics of the third generation university included skill training, entrepreneurship, inclusive autonomy, interaction between university and the society, and creativity and idea production. The founding also indicated that the university should consider characteristics such as establishment of entrepreneurial thinking, political and economic autonomy, cooperation with industry and society, supporting knowledge based enterprises and increasing academic sabbatical, and updating activities. Results showed that none of the characteristics of a third generation university is fully integrated in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and it could be said that this university is still in the first generation (knowledge-based) or at the transition to the second-generation university (research-based). However, in some of the characteristics, including the attribute of the university-based network and interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary research is somewhat closer to the third-generation university and it is weak in other characteristics such as autonomy, utilization of knowledge and internationalization.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Third Generation University
- Entrepreneurship University
- Internationalization
- University autonomy
- Iranian higher education
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