واکاوی میزان تحقق اهداف دانشگاه جامع علمی‌ کاربردی ایران از منظر خبرگان

نویسندگان
اکرم اسمعیلی یدکی 1
جواد پورکریمی 2
خدایار ابیلی 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزش عالی، گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 استاد گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مسئله کارآمدی دانشگاه جامع علمی‌کاربردی ایران از زمان تأسیس تا کنون همواره یکی از موضوعات مناقشه‌آمیز میان پژوهشگران و سیاستگذاران آموزش عالی بوده است. این پژوهش با هدف واکاوی فلسفه تأسیس و میزان تحقق اهداف این دانشگاه با روش آمیخته اکتشافی انجام شد. در مرحله کیفی از تحلیل محتوای استقرایی و در مرحله کمّی از روش دلفی بهره گرفته شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل خبرگان آموزش‌های علمی کاربردی بود (41 نفر در مرحله اول و 116نفر در مرحله دوم). داده‌های کیفی با مطالعه اسنادی، مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و تشکیل گروه کانونی گردآوری شد و داده‌های کمّی از طریق پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته جمع‌آوری و با نرم‌افزار Excel و 23 Spss تحلیل شد. نمونه‌گیری در بخش کیفی هدفمند و در بخش کمّی گلوله برفی بود. روایی پژوهش با نظر دو ممیّز بیرونی و پایایی آن با آلفای کرونباخ 931/0 تأیید شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که این دانشگاه برای پاسخگویی به چهار علّت مادّی، فاعلی، صوری و غایی تأسیس شده و دارای 16 هدف آموزشی، 14 هدف اقتصادی و 6 هدف اجتماعی است. بر اساس نظر خبرگان، این دانشگاه طی سه دهه فعالیت، در 10 هدف عملکرد موفق داشته است که شامل امکان بازگشت یا ادامه تحصیل دانشجو، گسترش عدالت آموزشی و دسترسی برابر، ایجاد تناسب میان دانش و مهارت، تضمین پیوستگی و انسجام بین مقاطع تحصیلی، پوشش آموزش‌های مقطع‌دار، فراهم‌آوردن زمینه برای مشارکت نهادهای غیردولتی و عمومی، تربیت نیروی انسانی متخصص و مورد نیاز بخش‌های فرهنگ و هنر، مدیریت ‌و خدمات ‌اجتماعی و صنعت است. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند مبنایی برای تصمیم‌سازی سیاستگذاران آموزش عالی در جهت ارتقای کیفیت دانشگاه جامع علمی‌کاربردی قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing the Achievement of the Objectives of Iran’s University of Applied Science and Technology from the Perspective of Experts

نویسندگان English

Akram Esmaeiliyadaki 1
Javad PourKarimi 2
Khodayar Abili 3
1 PhD student in Higher Education Management, Department of Educational Management and Planning, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Management and Planning, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Educational Management and Planning, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The efficiency of Iran’s University of Applied Science and Technology (UAST) has been a contentious issue among researchers and higher education policymakers since its establishment. This study aimed to analyze the founding philosophy and the extent to which the university’s objectives have been achieved, employing an exploratory mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative phase, inductive content analysis was used, while the quantitative phase employed the Delphi technique. The study population consisted of experts in applied science education (41 participants in the first phase and 116 in the second phase). Qualitative data were collected through document review, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions, while quantitative data were gathered using a researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed with Excel and SPSS 23 software. Sampling was purposive in the qualitative phase and snowball in the quantitative phase. The validity of the study was confirmed through the evaluation of two external reviewers, and reliability was established using Cronbach’s alpha (0.931). Findings indicated that the university was established to address four categories of material, efficient, formal, and final causes. These findings indicate that out of 36 objectives (16 educational, 14 economic, and 6 social), the university has successfully achieved 10 objectives, including enabling return or continuation of education, expanding educational equity and access, aligning knowledge with skills, ensuring continuity and coherence across academic levels, covering degree-based programs, facilitating participation of non-governmental and public institutions, and training specialized human resources required in the cultural and artistic, management and social services, and industrial sectors. These findings can serve as a basis for higher education policymakers in enhancing the quality of the University of Applied Science and Technology.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Applied Science Education
University of Applied Science and Technology of Iran (UAST)
Higher Education
Goal Achievement
Expert Perspectives
Exploratory Mixed-Methods Research

References

Aminibagh, A., Maroofi, Y., & Salimi, J. (2024). A Phenomenological Reflection on the Dimensions of Scientific Policy Making in Higher Education in Iran. Educational Measurement and Evaluation Studies, 14(47), 26-47. https://doi.org/10.22034/emes.2024.2008279.2491
Avakh Kassimi, M. (2005). The effectiveness of applied scientific education in increasing the production of shrimp farms in Bushehr
Proceedings of the Conference on the Analysis and Evaluation of Applied Science Education.
Benke, M., Bonoli, L., Gonon, P., Grollmann, P., Marhuenda-Fluixá, F., Markowitsch, J., & Vorpe, J. (2022). The future of vocational education and training in Europe. Scenarios for 2035: A symposium
In C. Nägele, N. Kersh, & B. E. Stalder (Eds.), Trends in vocational education and training research, Vol. V. 10-24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6975254
Billett, S. (2011). Vocational education: Purposes, traditions and prospects. Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1954-5
Bouzari, S. (2021). Survey and Mapping of TET. Encyclopedia of Technical Education and Training. https://tetpedia.ihcs.ac.ir/article_6955.html?lang=en
Cedefop. (2017). The changing nature and role of vocational education and training in Europe. Volume 1: conceptions of vocational education and training: an analytical framework. https://doi.org/10.2801/532605
Cedefop. (2018). The changing nature and role of vocational education and training in Europe: Work assignment 2 - External factors influencing VET - Understanding the national policy dimension: Country case studies (Case study focusing on England). https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/files/italy_cedefop_changing_nature_of_vet_-_case_study.pdf
Cedefop. (2019). The changing nature and role of vocational education and training in Europe. Volume 6: vocationally oriented education and training at higher education level. Expansion and diversification in European countries. https://doi.org/10.2801/02004
Cedefop. (2023). The future of vocational education and training in Europe: 50 dimensions of vocational education and training: Cedefop's analytical framework for comparing VET. https://doi.org/10.2801/57908
De Weert, E., & Beerkens-Soo, M. (2009). Research at Universities of Applied Sciences in Europe, Conditions, Achievements and Perspectives, on the initiative of the European Network for Universities of Applied Sciences. https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/research-at-universities-of-applied-sciences-in-europe-conditions/
De Wit, H., Yemini, M., & Martin, R. (2015). Internationalization Strategies and Policies in Second-Tier Higher Education Institutions
In A. Curaj, L. Matei, R. Pricopie, et al. (Eds.), the European Higher Education Area. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20877-0_9
Dewey, J. (1990). Experience and education. Macmillan Publishing. https://www.schoolofeducators.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/EXPERIENCE-EDUCATION-JOHN-DEWEY.pdf
Ebtekar, T. (1992). Introduction of scientific training - practical (technology) in Iran. Sharif Journal of Civil Engineering. https://sjme.journals.sharif.edu/article_6151_en.html?lang=fa
Ebtekar, T. (1999). The importance of Technical and Vocational Education. Iranian Journal of Engineering Education. https://doi.org/10.22047/ijee.1999.2500
Esmaeili Yadaki, A. (2021). The position of the University of Applied Science and Technology in the higher education system of Iran. Ideh Tech Publications.
Farasatkhah, M. (2008). The Adventure of University in Iran, A Historical Study on the Higher Education: Emphasizing "economic, Social, Political and Cultural" Factors. Rasa Cultural Services Institute.
Farokhzadeh, M. (2000). Scientific and philosophical foundations of applied science education. Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies.
Ghasemi, J., Hasani, A., & Khodabakhshi, A. (2021). TET History in Iran. Encyclopedia of Technical Education and Training, 1-8. https://tetpedia.ihcs.ac.ir/article_6817.html?lang=en
Guile, D., & Unwin, L. (2019). Introduction to the handbook: Vocational education and training (VET) theory, practice, and policy for a complex field of inquiry
In the Wiley handbook of vocational education and training. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119098713.ch1
Haghpanahi, M. (2004). Speech at the Third Congress of Applied Science and Technology Higher Education (Proceedings)
In Proceedings of the Third Congress of Applied Science and Technology Higher Education.
Hosseini Rad, M., & Kavousi, I. (2017). Prioritization of policy making institutions in Iran's skills training system
Organization of Technical and Vocational Education. Fifth National Conference and Fourth International Conference on Training and Employment.
Huang, X., Cao, J., Zhao, G., Long, Z., Han, G., & Cai, X. (2022). The employability and career development of finance and trade college graduates. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.719336
Izadi, S., Salehi Omran, I., & Ghorbani, A. (2010). Evaluation of the employment status of graduates from the University of Applied Science and Technology. Higher Education in Iran. https://sid.ir/paper/135833/en
Jafari Sani, H., Jahan, A., & Shahsavan, Z. (2018). Identifying issues and challenges of quality assurance and proposing solutions for the vocational higher education system
First International Conference and Twelfth National Conference on Quality Assessment in Higher Education Systems.
Khodadad Hosseini, H. (2002). Scientific-Applied Training Development: Concept, Situation and Conceptual model. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 8(3), 117-143. https://journal.irphe.ac.ir/article_702678.html?lang=en
Kisker, C. B., Cohen, A. M., & Brawer, F. B. (2023). The American community college. John Wiley & Sons. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zejIEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Kisker,+C.+B.,+et+al.+(2023).+The+American+community+college,+John+Wiley+%26+Sons.+%09&ots=fTgsAnajvq&sig=CVACZ4nw-2hCtI42CTxQg5vGdHM
Mahmoodi, S. (2021). Philosophical Foundations. https://tetpedia.ihcs.ac.ir/article_7102.html?lang=en
Mehralizadeh, Y., Shafiei, M., Homayounnia, A., & Jamalzadeh, A. R. (2016). Comparative study of the nature of graduate education in theoretical and applied science universities: A case study of Iran. Higher Education in Iran.
Mirakzadeh, A. A., Gholami, M., & Shahbazi, S. (2021). Applies science education in the Philippines. Encyclopedia of Technical Education and Training. https://tetpedia.ihcs.ac.ir/article_7140_d0a50b146323bd9e33e2df8972ec9dfb.pdf
Moghannizadeh, M. (2001). Evaluation of the effectiveness of applied science education programs.
Mohammadi, S., Heidarzadegan, A., & Balaghat, R. (2015). Evaluation of Modular Courses in the University of Applied Sciences and Technology based on labor market needs. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education. https://journal.irphe.ac.ir/article_702869_en.html
Mostofizadeh, A. (2018). Legal challenges of merging the Technical and Vocational University with the University of Applied Science and Technology based on the spatial planning plan of the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch, Marvdasht, Iran].
Nugroho, N. E., Irianto, J., & Suryanto, S. (2024). A systematic review of Indonesian higher education students' and graduates' work readiness. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v8i1.33073
Oecd. (2001). The Well-being of Nations: The Role of Human and Social Capital. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264189515-en
Rahimzadeh, F., Alvandi, P., Khaniki, H., & Davari, A. (2015). Oral History of Iranian Higher Education Narrated by Dr. Mostafa Moein. Farhang Saba.
Sadria, N. (2019). Pathology of the Educational System of the University of Applied Science and Technology - Qazvin Province Tehran: Kharazmi University].
Salehi Omran, E. (2014). Pathology of vocational education management in the country. Skill Training.
Salehi Omran, E. (2024). Organizing advanced skill trainings: Integration and aggregation of technical and professional university and applied scientific university. Educational Planning Studies. https://doi.org/10.22080/eps.2024.27734.2282
Schüll, E. (2019). Current trends and future challenges of the Austrian universities of applied sciences. Futures. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2018.06.015
Sedghi, J., Mahmoodi Khodaei, R., Iranzadeh, S., & Alavi Matin, Y. (2023). Designing a policy-making model in skill based education using a Grounded Theory approach. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 27(4), 111-141. https://doi.org/10.52547/irphe.27.4.111
Tyagi, R., Vishwakarma, S., Rishi, M., & Rajiah, S. (2021). Reducing inequalities through education and skill development courses
In Reduced Inequalities. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71060-0_102-1
Unesco, U. (2018). Technical and vocational education and training
UNEVOC TVETipedia Glossary. https://unevoc.unesco.org/home/TVETipedia+Glossary/lang=en/show=term/term=technical+and+vocational+education+and+training
Varma, C., & Malik, S. (2023). Perspective Chapter: TVET in the 21st Century: A Focus on Innovative Teaching and Competency Indicators. Intech Open. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112516
Winterton, J. (2017). Competence-based vocational and professional education. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41713-4
Zeynoddini Bidmeshki, Z., Adli, F., & Vaziri, M. (2014). Comparing the Present and Ideal Situation of Succession Planning and Talent Management in Higher Education. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 20(2), 51-72. https://journal.irphe.ac.ir/article_702842_en.html
 

  • تاریخ دریافت 01 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 30 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 فروردین 1405