تحلیل رابطه آموزش و نابرابری در کشورها؛ بررسی شاخص ها با استفاده از داده های برنامه توسعه سازمان ملل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
آمنه صدیقیان بیدگلی 1
مسعود سلمانی بیدگلی 2
1 مؤسسه مطالعات فرهنگی و اجتماعی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری
2 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران
10.52547/irphe.28.3.173
چکیده
هدف این مطالعه بررسی رابطه­ آموزش و نابرابری در کشور­ها بود و صرفاً رابطه­ بین ابعاد مختلف این دو متغیر مد نظر قرار گرفت و تأثیر مکانیسمی این رابطه بررسی نشد. این پژوهش بر اساس روش تطبیقی کمّی میان کشورها صورت گرفت. داده ­های برنامه توسعه سازمان ملل در سال 2015 مربوط به پنج شاخص آموزش (میزان سواد بزرگسالان، سال­ های مورد انتظار تحصیل، میانگین سال­ های تحصیل، جمعیت با حداقلی از تحصیلات متوسطه و نابرابری در آموزش) و سه شاخص نابرابری (نابرابری درآمدی، نابرابری جنسیتی و نابرابری انسانی) تجزیه و تحلیل و درمجموع، 173 کشور بررسی شدند. خوشه کشور­ها در پنج شاخص آموزش به چهار نیمرخ آموزش ضعیف، آموزش متوسط، آموزش خوب و آموزش بسیار خوب و در سه شاخص نابرابری نیز به چهار نیمرخ نابرابری زیاد، نابرابری متوسط، نابرابری کم و نابرابری بسیار کم تقسیم شد. تحلیل رگرسیون نیز نشان داد که پنج شاخص آموزش به ترتیب 9 درصد از واریانس نابرابری درآمدی، 77 درصد از واریانس نابرابری جنسیتی و 79 درصد از واریانس نابرابری انسانی را تبیین می­ کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

An analysis of relationship between education and inequality across countries: Evaluating indicators using data from the United Nations Development Program

نویسندگان English

Ameneh Seddighian 1
Masoud Salmani Bidgoli 2
1 Institute of Social and Cultural Studies
2 Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده English

The purpose of this article was to investigate the relationship between education and inequality in countries. Only the relationship between these two variables were considered and the mechanism and its effects was not studied. This research was based on quantitative comparative method between countries. United Nations Development Program data in 2015 related to 5 education indicators including adult literacy rate, expected years of education, average years of education, population with at least secondary education, and inequality in education, and 3 inequality indices including income inequality, gender inequality and human inequality were analyzed. A total of 173 countries were examined. Cluster analysis categorized countries in five education indicators including four profiles of poor, medium, good, and very good education. It also clustered them into three inequality indicators such as four profiles of high, medium, low, and very low inequality. The regression analysis also showed that five education indicators explain 9% of the variance of income inequality, 77% of the variance of gender inequality, and 79% of the variance of human inequality.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

education
inequality
cluster analysis
United Nations Development Program
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  • تاریخ دریافت 09 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری 25 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش 18 بهمن 1400
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 آذر 1401