نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد رشته علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز
2 دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه شیراز
چکیده
ارتباط سه نهاد دانشگاه، صنعت و دولت در همه کشورها از جمله ایران مسئله ای با اهمیت و پیچیده است، به صورتی که رشد و تکامل هر کدام از این نهادها بدون همکاری متقابل بی معناست. از این رو، هدف پژوهش حاضر استفاده از مدل مارپیچ سه گانه به عنوان شاخصی برای سنجش تعاملات به منظور تعیین سهم نهادهای سه گانه دانشگاه، صنعت و دولت و بررسی تعاملات این سه نهاد در سالهای 2011 تا 2015 کشور ایران در پایگاه وب آوساینس در حوزه کشاورزی بود. این مطالعه از نظر هدف کاربردی و شیوه گردآوری داده ها با استفاده از تحقیقات پیمایشی توصیفی با رویکرد تحلیل انتشارات بود. جامعه آماری مقالات پژوهشگران ایرانی در حوزه کشاورزی در بازه زمانی 2011 تا 2015 در پایگاه وب آوساینس بود و نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد پژوهشهای انجام شده ایرانیان در حوزه کشاورزی را نهاد دانشگاه و کمترین آن را سازمانهای دولتی انجام داده اند و همچنین بررسی تعاملات نشان داد که بیشترین تعامل بین دو نهاد دانشگاه و صنعت و کمترین آن بین دو نهاد صنعت و دولت است. شاخص T(UIG) ایران 17/4- محاسبه شد که نشان می دهد با وجود اینکه همکاری نهادهای سه گانه در ایران به طورکلی ضعیف است، طی سالهای اخیر روندی رو به رشد داشته است؛ همین شاخص برای حوزه کشاورزی طی پنج سال گذشته 16/9- محاسبه شد که نشان می دهد یک چهارم از مقالاتی که تا به حال به صورت مشترک در سه نهاد دانشگاه، صنعت و دولت منتشر شده است، متعلق به پنج سال گذشته حوزه کشاورزی بوده و این بدان معناست که حوزه کشاورزی در ایران جزو چند رشته اول است که بیشترین تعامل سه گانه در آن صورت می پذیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Scientific interactions between university, industry and government in the field of agriculture in Iran: based on Triple Helix Model
نویسندگان [English]
- Forough Sobhani 1
- Saeede Ebrahimi 2
- Abdolrasool Jowkar 2
1 Master Student in Knowledge & Information Science, Shiraz University
2 Department of Knowledge & Information Science, Shiraz University
چکیده [English]
The relationship between university, industry and government in all countries, including Iran, is important and complex and the development of each of these institutions without cooperation is useless. The main purpose of this research was to use triple helix model as an index for evaluating the interactions in order to determine the share of university، industry and government as well as investigating the interactions of these three institutions in scientific productions in the field of agriculture reported by Web of Science during 2011-15. An applied descriptive- survey method and content analysis were chosen for this study. The statistical population was all articles published by Iranian researchers in the field of agriculture during 2011-15 and reported by the Web of Science. Results، showed that most Iranian scientific productions in the field of agriculture were made by universities and the least was made by the government organization. In addition, results indicated that the most interactions were made between two institutions of university and industry and the least were attributed to industry and government. The T (UIG) index was calculated -4.17 for Iran. It showed that although the cooperation level between the triple institutions in Iran was weak, but had a growing trend during recent years. This index was calculated -9.16 for agriculture during the last 5 years. It suggested that one-fourth of articles jointly published in the field of agriculture by three institutions of university، industry and government during past 5 previous years. The finding suggested that the agriculture field in Iran is as one of the first fields in which the most triple interactions were made.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Thompson database
- scientific interaction
- University- government- industry
- Agriculture
- Triple helix model
- Iran
2. Asare, F., & Jowkar, T. (2012). Flow of scientific publications in Iran during 2007 to 2011, Based on Triple Helix of University, Industry and Government. Journal of Information Processing and Management, 29(2), 505-530 (in Persian).
3. Bagherynejad, J. (2003). National innovation system, the appropriate platform for technology development. 7th National conference of Government, University and Industry Cooperation. Esfahan: Berin Scholars, 251-264 (in Persian).
4. Chung, C. (2013). An analysis of the status of the triple helix and university- industry- government relationships in Asia. Scientometrics, 99, 139-149.
5. Danell, R., & Persson, O. (2003). Regional R&D activities and interaction in the Swedish triple helix. Scientometrics, 58(2), 205-218.
6. Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (2000). The dynamics of innovation: From national systems and ‘‘Mode 2’’ to a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations. Research Policy, 29(2), 109-123.
7. Fatehrad, M., & Taghiyari, H.R. (2005). Entrepreneurial university, national system of knowledge-based innovation and development. Journal of Growth and Technology, 1(4), 19-25 (in Persian).
8. Fred, Y., & Leydesdorff, L. (2013). The triple helix of university- industry- government relations at the country level، and its dynamic evolution under the pressures of globalization. American Society for Information Science and Technology, (64)11, 2317-2325.
9. Gao, X., & Jiancheng, G. (2013). An analysis of the patenting activates and collaboration among industry-university research institutes in the chines ICT sector. Scientometrics, 98, 274-263.
10. Hassanzade, A., Ghavidel, S., & Azvaji, A. (2003). Interaction of the development of the industrial sector with agriculture in the Iranian economy. Agricultural and National Conference, 271-242 (in Persian).
11. Hatami, M., & Naghshine, N. (2014). Quantitative study and visualization of inter organizational cooperation in the indexed documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran at the Scopus database: From the perspective of relationship between university, industry and government. Journal of Scientometric Research, 1, 127-150 (in Persian).
12. Henriquez, E. (2008). Coexistence of university-industry relations and academic research: Barrier to or incentive for scientific productivity. Scientometric, 76(3), 561-576.
13. Hossain, M., Moon, J., Kang, H., Lee, S., & Choe, Y. (2012). Mapping the dynamics of knowledge base of innovations of R&D in Bangladesh: Triple helix perspective. Scientometrics, 90(1), 57-83.
14. Karimian Eghbal, M. (2003). Development of park and science and technology development centers in Iran: Cooperation and coordination between organizations or competitions? From the Proceedings of Tehran Tech Parks Technology Park (in Persian).
15. Kim, H., Huang, M., Jin, F., Bodoff, F., & Choe, Y. (2012). Triple helix in the agricultural sector of Northeast Asian countries: A comparative study between Korea and China. Scientometrics, 90(1), 101-120.
16. Kwon, K., Park, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (2012). Has globalization strengthened South Korea’s national research system? National and international dynamics of the triple helix of scientific co-authorship relationships in South Korea. Scientometrics, 90(1), 163-176.
17. Lei, X., Zhao, Z., Zhang, X., Chen, D., Huang, M., & Zhao, Y. (2012). The inventive activates and collaboration pattern of university-industry- government in china based on patent analysis. Scientometrics, 90(1), 231-251.
18. Leydesdorff, L. (2003). The mutual information of university-industry-government relations: An indicator of the triple helix dynamics. Scientometrics, 58(2), 445-467.
19. Leydesdorff, L., & Curran, M. (2004). Mapping university-industry- government relations on the internet: The construction of indictors for a knowledge-based economy. Science and Technology Dynamics Nieuwe Achtergracht, 166(101), 82-17.
20. Lundeberg, J., Tomson, G., Lundkvist, I., Sk.R. J., & Brommels, M. (2006). Collaboration uncovered: Exploring adequacy of measuring university-industry collaboration through co-authorship and funding. Scientometric, 69(3), 575-589.
21. Megnigbeto, E. (2014). Triple helix of university، industry and government relations in West Africa. Scientometric, 2(3), 214-222.
22. Momeni, F., Safardust, A., & Mohamadrozesara, M. (2015). Analysis of the triple spiral system gap in the defense industry of the country. Quarterly Journal of Technology Development Management, 3(3), 81-110 (in Persian).
23. Montazeri, G., Jafary, A., Nikonamtosi, H., & Yusefi, H. (2015). Entrepreneurial university and trilateral government, industry and university affairs. Civilica: The First Scientific Conference on Science Management and Planning, Training and Standardization in Iran (in Persian).
24. Park, H., Hong, D., & Leydosdorff, L. (2005). A comparison of the knowledge-based innovation systems in the economies of South Korea and the Netherlands using triple helix indicators. Scientometrics, 65(1), 3-27.
25. Samadi Mirklayi, H., & Samadi Mirklayi, H. (2013). Theories and patterns of communication between universities and industry in the knowledge economy are the basis of technological development. Quarterly Journal of Parks and Growth Centers, 9(35), 59-70 (in Persian).
26. Shafiee, M. (2003). The book of industry and university communication: The bright future, dark backgrounds. Tehran: Amirkabir University of Technology (in Persian).
27. Shin, J., Lee, J., & Kim, Y. (2012). Knowledge-based innovation and collaboration: A triple-helix approach in Saudi Arabia. Scientometrics, 90(1), 311-326.
28. Sun, Y., & Negishi, M. (2010). Measuring the relationships among university, industry and other sectors in Japan’s national innovation system: A comparison of new approaches with mutual information indicators. Scientometrics, 85(3), 677-685.
)