تبعیت دانشجویان از هنجارهای حرفه ای در پژوهشهای دانشگاهی: مروری بر یافته های پیمایش ملی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه مطالعات تطبیقی و نوآوری در آموزش‌عالی، مؤسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آمش عالی

چکیده

هدف این مطالعه سنجش میزان تبعیت دانشجویان دانشگاههای دولتی ایران از هنجارهای حرفه­ای در پژوهشهای دانشگاهی بود. در این تحقیق دیدگاه دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی در 10 دانشگاه دولتی تحت پوشش وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری (2373 نفر) بررسی و از روش مطالعاتی چندگانه شامل مطالعه اسنادی، مطالعه پیمایشی و تحلیل مقایسه­ای استفاده شد. ابزار اندازه­گیری تحقیق از تلفیق دیدگاههای متأخر و متأثر از رابرت مرتون و سنجه­های 34 گانه توسعه داده شده کاتارینا پرپک ساخته شد. یافته­ها نشان داد که دانشجویان تبعیت خود از هنجارهای دانشگاهی را بیش از تبعیت محیط آموزشی از هنجارها گزارش کرده­اند. این موضوع بیانگر وجود شکاف بین ارزیابی دانشجویان از خود و محیط آموزشی­شان در تبعیت از هنجارهای دانشگاهی است. آزمون تفاوت میانگین گروههای وابسته در خصوص اختلاف دیدگاه دانشجویان در ارزیابی خود و محیط آموزشی در تبعیت از هنجارهای دانشگاهی به تفکیک مقیاسهای پنج­گانه هنجارهای دانشگاهی نیز نشان داد رعایت اخلاق علمی در بیشترین حد تفاوت و سخاوت و خیراندیشی علمی در کمترین سطح اختلاف قرار دارد. تفاوت نمره در خصوص رعایت قواعد کنش علمی در سطح دوم، مسئولیت پذیری علمی در سطح سوم و کمال­گرایی علمی در سطح چهارم اختلاف دیدگاه قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Adherence of students to the professional norms in academic research: a review of national survey findings

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyed Hadi Marjaei

Department of Comparative Studies in Higher Education, Institute for Research & Planning in Higher Education

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this article was to examine adherence of Iranian public university students to the professional norms in academic research. In this study, the views of graduate students (n: 2373) at 10 universities affiliated with Ministry of Science, Research and Technology were evaluated. In this research, multiple methods including documentary study, survey and comparative analysis were used. Research instrument was made by incorporating recent views based on Robert Merton's view and 34 items scale developed by Katarina Prpic. Students reported more adherences to the academic norms than educational environment adherence to the norms. This finding revealed a significant gap between evaluation of students from themselves and academic environment in their adherence to the academic norms. Paired sample t-test taken on students' different views about their self-assessment and learning environment in adherence to professional norms by five scale items, indicated that adherence to scientific ethic had highest and academic generous and benevolent had lowest level of differences. Scores on the rules of academic action were at the second level, academic responsibility at the third level and academic perfectionism at fourth level of differences.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Professional norms
  • Academic Research
  • Academic Norms
  • adherence to norms
  • students
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