Designing and Validating the Model of Empowering Faculty Members to Encourage Students to Engage in Entrepreneurial Activities

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Zakyeh Akrami
Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry Education, Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran
10.61838/kman.irphe.30.1.4
Abstract
The present research adopts an exploratory and foundational approach to provide a conceptual framework for explaining the empowerment of faculty members in encouraging students' entrepreneurial activities. The statistical population of the qualitative and quantitative sections of the study consists of all faculty members of Farhangian University, totaling 820 individuals. The qualitative sample was selected using snowball and purposive sampling methods, consisting of 15 participants, while the quantitative sample was determined using the Morgan table and random sampling, totaling 265 participants. The data collection instruments for the qualitative section were semi-structured interviews, and for the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The content validity of the interview questions and questionnaire was confirmed by 5 faculty members of Farhangian University. The reliability of the interview results was calculated and confirmed using the Holsti test with a coefficient of 0.81, and the questionnaire reliability was assessed and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was equivalent to 0.837. The data analyzed using MAXQDA 20.4.2, IBM SPSS Statistics 26, and SmartPLS 3 software. The data analysis conducted using a data-driven theoretical framework, which included open, axial, and selective coding to achieve the extracted pattern from the research. The qualitative findings indicate that 6 dimensions, 14 factors, and 62 components of empowering faculty members are effective in encouraging students' entrepreneurial activities. The quantitative findings confirm the extracted pattern. Absolute and parsimonious fit indices support the desired fit of the empowerment model of faculty members in encouraging students' entrepreneurial activities.

Keywords

Subjects

Adeel, S., Daniel, A. D., & Botelho, A. (2023). The effect of entrepreneurship education on the determinants of entrepreneurial behaviour among higher education students: A multi-group analysis. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 8(1), 100324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2023.100324
Akrami, Z. (2022). The effectiveness of education with the STEM approach in the development of entrepreneurial thinking in chemistry students. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 23(2), 475-485. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RP00011C
Alipoor, F., Romiani, Y., & yarahmadi, M. (2023). Developing and validation of recruitment model of faculty members in University of Farhangian with emphasis on upstream documents: A mixed study. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 29(4), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.irphe.29.4.7
Alkhalaf, T., Durrah, O., Almohammad, D., & Ahmed, F. (2022). Can entrepreneurial knowledge boost the entrepreneurial intent of French students? The mediation role of behavioral antecedents. Management Research Review, 45(12), 1545-1571. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-06-2021-0432
Asadi, A., Taheri, M., & Salari, A. (2016). The survey of educational needs to empower faculties in GUMS. https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.rme.8.2.37
Aytekin, A., Ecer, F., Korucuk, S., & Karamaşa, Ç. (2022). Global innovation efficiency assessment of EU member and candidate countries via DEA-EATWIOS multi-criteria methodology. Technology in Society, 68, 101896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101896
Babchuk, W. A., & Boswell, E. (2023). Grounded theory. In R. J. Tierney, F. Rizvi, & K. Ercikan (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Education (Fourth Edition) (pp. 107-122). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818630-5.11013-9
Barari Paein Lemoki, S., Tabari, M., & Matani, M. (2023). Explain the role of university green entrepreneurial orientation in shaping the green creativity of entrepreneurial students. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 16(1), 47-59. https://doi.org/10.22059/jed.2022.335889.653878
Bilal, Guraya, S. Y., & Chen, S. (2019). The impact and effectiveness of faculty development program in fostering the faculty’s knowledge, skills, and professional competence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 26(4), 688-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.10.024
Cronbach, L. J., & Shavelson, R. J. (2004). My Current Thoughts on Coefficient Alpha and Successor Procedures. Educational and psychological measurement, 64(3), 391-418. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164404266386
Darabi, M. (2022). Designing and validating the quality management model of teaching activities for university faculty members. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 28(3), 55-83. https://doi.org/10.52547/irphe.28.3.55
Dolczewski, M. (2022). Semi-structured interview for self-esteem regulation research. Acta Psychologica, 228, 103642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103642
Edjtehadi, M., Ghorchian, N., Jaafari, P., & Shafizadeh, H. (2023). Identifying Dimensions and Components of Faculty Members Developments in Order to Present of A Conceptual Model. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 17(4), 21-26. https://journal.irphe.ac.ir/article_702767_ff56e7156b52ea5061ca216608bb327b.pdf
Fayyaz, R., Shah Talebi, B., & Ebrahimzadeh, R. (2020). Developing a model for empowerment of faculty members in Islamic Azad University: a qualitative study. Strides in Development of Medical Education, 17(1), 1-8. https://sdme.kmu.ac.ir/article_91549_2c63b83f610929f234054c5e0754c193.pdf
Fazel, A., Kamalian, A., & Rowshan, A. (2017). Identification of Effective Dimensions and Components on Academic Human Resources Empowerment, Emphasizing the Third and Fourth Generation of Universities With Fuzzy Delphi Approach: Presenting a Conceptual Model [Original Research]. Bimonthly of Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 10(6), 455-468. http://edcbmj.ir/article-1-1199-en.html
Fotohi, M., Akbari, A., Cherabin, M., & Maghool, A. (2020). Presentation of Faculty Member’s Empowerment Model of Farhangian University. Educational Development of Judishapur, 11(2), 219-232. https://doi.org/10.22118/edc.2019.206487.1177
Ghorooneh, D., Mirkamali, S. M., Bazargan, A., & Kharazi, S. K. (2023). A model for faculty development at the University of Tehran. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 22(3), 1-17. https://journal.irphe.ac.ir/article_702901_7b7e6e12ca095c68930880329d46757e.pdf
Gouvea, R., Lehneman, L., & Terra, B. (2022). Tribal economic development & entrepreneurship: A latin american perspective. World Development Perspectives, 26, 100403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2022.100403
Gullatt, D. E., & Weaver, S. W. (1997). Use of Faculty Development Activities To Improve the Effectiveness of US Institutions of Higher Education. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED414796
Hajimiri, K., Moradi, M., Hosseini, E., Jafari, M., & Nasehi, L. (2023). A conceptual model for empowering faculty members of third-generation universities of medical sciences. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 18(2), 371-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.10.002
Hejazi, A. (2020). Determining the components of professional development of faculty members of Farhangian University. Research in Teacher Education(RTE), 3(1), 41-61. https://te-research.cfu.ac.ir/article_1187_1b7ced0735e01c384c704ffcebb9616d.pdf
Hennessy, S., D'Angelo, S., McIntyre, N., Koomar, S., Kreimeia, A., Cao, L., Brugha, M., & Zubairi, A. (2022). Technology Use for Teacher Professional Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A systematic review. Computers and Education Open, 3, 100080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2022.100080
Homayeni Damirchi, A., Mahjob Eshratabadi, H., Mehri, D., & Vosoghi-Niri, A. (2016). The Evaluation of the Academic Development of Faculty Members of University and Proposing Suitable Strategies for Its Enhancement (Case Study; A Military University). MILITARY MANAGEMENT QUARTERLY, 16(61), 29-59. https://jmm.iranjournals.ir/article_22373_7c322de4c89cb38c5039a868ca59e34d.pdf
Khajehpour, N., Baharlou, M., Beshlideh, K., & Yeganeh, M. M. (2016). The effect of servant leadership on organizational commitment: The mediating role of psychological empowerment and organizational justice. International journal of psychology, 10(2), 55-81. https://www.sid.ir/FileServer/JE/5062520160204.pdf
Kimmitt, J., Muñoz, P., & Newbery, R. (2020). Poverty and the varieties of entrepreneurship in the pursuit of prosperity. Journal of Business Venturing, 35(4), 105939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.05.003
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Lai, Y., Lischka, A. E., Strayer, J. F., & Adamoah, K. (2023). Characterizing prospective secondary teachers’ foundation and contingency knowledge for definitions of transformations. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 70, 101030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmathb.2022.101030
Maden-Eyiusta, C., & Alten, O. (2023). Expansion-oriented job crafting and employee performance: A self-empowerment perspective. European Management Journal, 41(1), 79-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.10.012
Mahmoudzadeh, S. M. (2016). Human resources empowerment model of najah human resources (Commanders and Managers) Allameh Tabatabai University School of Management and Accounting
Martínez-Gregorio, S., Badenes-Ribera, L., & Oliver, A. (2021). Effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship intention and related outcomes in educational contexts: a meta-analysis. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(3), 100545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100545
Mohebzadegan, Y., Pardakhtchi, M. H., Ghahramani, M., & Farasatkhah, M. (2023). Developing a Model for Faculty Development Approach based on Grounded Theory. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 19(4), 1-25. https://journal.irphe.ac.ir/article_702824_2a0f223223b542a0bd996f6d9b0362af.pdf
Moradi, E., & Didehban, H. (2017). FACULTY MEMBERS DEVELOPMENT IN MEDICAL EDUCATION: PROGRAMS, INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES [Review article]. Nursing and Midwifery Journal, 15(1), 10-18. http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3068-en.html
Rezaeian, A., Khandan, A. A., Ganj Ali, A., & Moridian, H. (2015). The progress of scientific members at universities (Case study: Scientific members of Imam Sadegh University). https://irisweb.ir/rdsm_jarticle_list.php?slc_lang=fa&sid=1&mod=jarticle_profile&jart_id=202728&rds_id=
Rezaie, R., Karimi, A., Mirikaram, F., & Safa, L. (2012). Examining the educational needs of master's degree students in agriculture in the field of entrepreneurship (Case Study: Zanjan University). Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 5(3), 65-84. https://doi.org/10.22059/jed.2012.29471
Seyyed Hatami, S. S., Namvar, Y., Soleimani, T., & Zahed Babolan, A. (2023). A meta-analysis of factors influencing the development of university faculty members. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 24(4), 99-121. https://journal.irphe.ac.ir/article_702965_92b2138e24b9f689ca9dc8dfd0c086ef.pdf
Shabani Bahar, G. R., Ghareh, M. A., & Siavashi, M. (2020). “Designing Structural Model of Development Professional, Organizational and Persona Faculty members of Physical Education and Sports Science“. Applied Research in Sport Management, 8(4), 99-112. https://doi.org/10.30473/arsm.2020.6811
Sharma, G. D., Kraus, S., Liguori, E., Bamel, U. K., & Chopra, R. (2024). Entrepreneurial challenges of COVID-19: Re-thinking entrepreneurship after the crisis. Journal of Small Business Management, 62(2), 824-846. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2022.2089676
Silva, I. M. d., Nogueira, T. Q. d. S., Couto, D. N., Lima, P. C. T. M., Bonfim, N. S. C., Sousa, I. G. V. d., Telles, A. C. T., Hecht, F., Alkmim, N. R., Penna, G. C. e., Ferraz, C., Tomimori, E., & Ramos, H. E. (2022). Feasibility of a snowball sampling survey to study active surveillance for thyroid microcarcinoma treatment among endocrinologists and surgeons of Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 88, S163-S169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2022.01.005
Soares, G. G., Lélio da Silva Braga, V., Susana da Encarnação Marques, C., & Ratten, V. (2021). Corporate entrepreneurship education’s impact on family business sustainability: A case study in Brazil. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100424
Soltani, A., Boostani, D., & Golestani, S. (2020). Exploring the strategies of faculty-student interactions: A grounded theory study in Iranian academic context. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 26, 100408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2020.100408
WEBB, J. W. (2021). A SYSTEM-LEVEL VIEW OF INSTITUTIONS: CONSIDERATIONS FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND POVERTY. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 26(02), 2150010. https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946721500102
Wibowo, A., & Saptono, A. (2018). Does TEACHERS'CREATIVITY impact on vocational STUDENTS'ENTREPRENEURIAL intention? Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 21(3), 1-12. https://search.proquest.com/openview/5cebd574cc0ba5250075107b9d820789/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=28224
Zahedi, M. R., & Javadi Kamni, S. (2018). Knowledge flow approach and its role in enterprise entrepreneurship. Science and Technology Policy Letters, 08(3), 63-75. https://stpl.ristip.sharif.ir/article_21361_0fe8a9c5c5a840cf5d9bf4b73d8b9e21.pdf
Zhou, Y., & Zhou, H. (2022). Research on the Quality Evaluation of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education of College Students Based on Extenics. Procedia Computer Science, 199, 605-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.01.074
Zhu, R., Liu, Z., Zhao, G., Huang, Z., & Yu, Q. (2023). The impact of institutional management on teacher entrepreneurship competency: The mediating role of entrepreneurial behaviour. The International Journal of Management Education, 21(2), 100794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2023.100794
 

  • Receive Date 11 April 2023
  • Revise Date 23 October 2023
  • Accept Date 13 October 2023
  • Publish Date 20 April 2024