Document Type : Original Article

Authors

• Hamayon Rahyab ¹
• Kourosh Fathi Vajargah ¹
• Esmaeil Jafari ¹
• Neamatollah Mosapour ²

¹ SBU

² Hormozgan University

Abstract

Abstract
Look into Analyzing the Evolution in Higher Education of Afghanistan. The study used a qualitative research method with a historical lens. The researcher tried to make use of available documents, enactment, and in-depth and semi-structured interviews with key experts in the field of higher education using a " targeted approach " based on the pattern of qualitative interviews and following its standards through qualitative content analysis regarding the identification of the transformation periods and the exploration of higher education, to show its evolution in five periods with an analytical point of view. The finding shows that higher education in Afghanistan has gone through different phases during its lifetime between 1311-1400. The experience gained from the higher education process before and after the occupation of Afghanistan by the former Soviet :union: and civil wars shows; the transition from a relatively national and independent higher education system during the period of Pragmatism to an ideological and centralized higher education system during the period of Isolation and exclusivition. Finally, the process lead to a period of transformation after ten years of stagnation by asking the opinions of university stakeholders to participate in higher education. The fifth period is the ritualization of universities based on Islamic teachings, which begins after 1400.

Keywords

• Afghanistan
• Evolution
• Higher education
• Historical periods
• Orientations