فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی

گذار از حکمروایی دولت‌گرا به حکمروایی خوب آموزش عالی: الگوی برخاسته از نظریة بر پایه (GT)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز

2 موسسه پژوهش و برنامه‌ریزی آموزش عالی

چکیده

حکمروایی آموزش عالی به قدرت رسمی و غیر‌رسمی ناشی از قوانین، سیاست‌ها و قواعدی گفته می‌شود که مسئولیت‌های بازیگران مختلف را تعیین می‌کند. هدف این مطالعه ارائه الگوی حکمروایی خوب در مؤسسه‌های آموزش عالی ایران بود و با رویکرد کیفی و روش (نظریه) برخاسته از داده (جی‌تی‌ام کلاسیک اشتراوس و کوربین) انجام شد. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه‌ساخت‌یافته با ۲۰ نفر از اطلاع‌رسانان کلیدی که در زمینه پدیده مورد مطالعه دانش و تجربه زیسته داشتند، گردآوری و بر اساس پارادایم کد‌گذاری اشتراوس و کوربین، طی سه مرحله کد‌گذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی دسته‌بندی و روابط میان مقوله‌ها با رویکرد مقایسه‌ای مداوم با تمرکز بر موجبات علّی، زمینه‌ای، شرایط مداخله‌گر و راهبردهای کنش و کنش متقابل بررسی و تعیین شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که ۲۵۹ سازه مفهومی (کد)، دسته ­بندی شده در ۵۲ مقوله و ۱۷ مقوله خوشه‌ای، بر پدیده کانونی تأثیر می‌گذارند. در میان عوامل علّی ابعاد استقلال دانشگاهی، اقتصاد آموزش عالی و تمرکززدایی و توزیع قدرت در شکل‌گیری حکمروایی خوب تأثیر بیشتری دارند. در میان عوامل بافتی یا زمینه‌ای عوامل ساختاری بیش از سایر عوامل، راهبردها و عوامل علّی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند و تأثیر منفی مؤلفه مدیریت غیر آکادمیک بیش از سایر عوامل است. تحقق راهبردها و استقرار حکمروایی خوب نتایج یا پیامدهای مطلوبی در پی دارد که خود ممکن است در شرایط متفاوت عامل علّی برای پدیده نوظهور دیگر باشد. پژوهش‌های آینده می‌تواند بر طراحی مدل منطقی با سنجه‌های قابل‌ اندازه‌گیری بر اساس این مدل بپردازد تا بر مبنای آن وضعیت حکمروایی آموزش عالی سنجیده و مقایسه شود. همچنین آزمون این مدل با استفاده از روش‌های کمّی می‌تواند اعتبار و تعمیم‌پذیری یافته‌های پژوهش را افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Transition from State-Centered Governance to Good Governance in Higher Education: A Grounded Theory Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Haririan Tavakoli 1
  • Maghsood Farasatkhah 2
  • Baharak Shirzad Kebria 1
  • Fateme Hamidifar 1

1 Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch

2 Institute for Research & Planning in Higher Education

چکیده [English]

Higher education governance refers to the formal and informal authority that arises from the laws, policies, and rules that determine the responsibilities and powers of various actors. The purpose of this article was to present a model of good governance in Iranian higher education institutes. We used classic grounded theory methodology to explore this model. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 20 key informants with knowledge and experience with the higher education system. Based on Strauss and Corbin's coding paradigm, the data analysis consisted of a three-step coding process, including open, axial, and selective coding. The process concludes that the relations between codes were examined using a continuous comparison approach using a coding paradigm that focuses on causal conditions, context, intervening conditions, action/interaction strategies, and consequences. Findings showed that 259 conceptual constructs (codes), classified into 52 subcategories and 17 categories, affect the central phenomenon. Among the causal conditions, the categories of academic autonomy, the economics of higher education, administrative decentralization, and authority distribution significantly impact higher education's good governance. In the contextual categories, structural factors affect action or interaction strategies and causal conditions more than others. Among these factors, the negative impact of the non-academic management subcategory is more than other factors. Realizing strategies and establishing good governance will have desirable results and consequences that may be causal conditions for the other emerging phenomenon in a different situation. Future studies can design a framework with measurable metrics based on this model that higher education governance qualification could be measured and compared. Additionally, testing the model by quantitative approach can increase the validity and transferability of research findings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • higher education in Iran
  • governance
  • good governance
  • Grounded theory
  • good governance in higher education

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فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
دوره 28، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 106
دی 1401
صفحه 43-68