فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی

بررسی روانشناختی نگرش و انگیزش دانشجویان رشتۀ زبان و ادبیات فارسی نسبت به رشتۀ تحصیلی و آیندۀ شغلی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیأت علمی گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری آموزش زبان فارسی، گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد؛ مشهد، ایران

10.61838/irphe.29.2.6

چکیده

 
یکی از اهداف مهم نظام آموزش عالی تربیت نیروهای متخصص به منظور تأمین نیازهای جامعه  است. انتخاب رشتۀ آگاهانه دانشجویان در رسیدن به این هدف مؤثر می‌باشد و لازمۀ ایجاد انگیزش، نگرش مثبت دانشجویان نسبت به رشتۀ تحصیلی و آیندۀ شغلی‌شان است. هدف پژوهش تلفیقی (کمّی-کیفی) حاضر بررسی انواع انگیزش و نگرش دانشجویان رشتۀ زبان و ادبیات فارسی نسبت به رشتۀ تحصیلی و آیندۀ شغلی‌شان است. بدین‌منظور 200 دانشجو در سه مقطع کارشناسی، کارشناسی ارشد و دکتری رشتۀ زبان و ادبیات فارسی به پرسشنامۀ نگرش به رشتۀ تحصیلی و آیندۀ شغلی و سه سؤال کیفی در مورد مزایا و موانع رشتۀ زبان و ادبیات فارسی و میزان رضایت از روش تدریس مدرسان خود در این رشته پاسخ دادند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل داده‌ها و تطبیق آن با ابعاد پیوستار دوگانۀ انگیزش نشان داد که نگرش دانشجویان نسبت به رشتۀ تحصیلی و آیندۀ شغلی خود به طور کلی متوسط است، اما تفاوت معناداری میان نوع نگرش دانشجویان در مقاطع گوناگون تحصیلی وجود دارد؛ به صورتی که دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی نگرش مثبت‌تری نسبت به دانشجویان مقطع دکتری دارند. به نظر می‌رسد این نوع از نگرش موجب بروز ‌انگیزش منفعل در دانشجویان برای پیشرفت شده و اگر اقدامات لازم برای اصلاح نگرش آنان انجام نشود، ممکن است نوع انگیزش آنان از انگیزش فعال به بی‌انگیزگی فعال و یا منفعل تغییر وضعیت دهد. به همین منظور نگارندگان پیشنهادهایی مانند تغییر در برنامۀ درسی و افزودن واحدهای عملی و کاربردی، بهره‌گیری از روش‌های تدریس نوین و کارآمد، برگزاری کارگاه‌های کارآفرینی و در نهایت تقویت مهارت‌های پژوهشی دانشجویان را برای بهبود این وضعیت ارائه دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Psychological Analysis of Persian Language and Literature Students’ Attitude and Motivation towards their Major and Career Prospects

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shima Ebrahimi 1
  • Zahra Jahani 2

1 Assistant Professor of Persian Language Teaching, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 PhD Student in Persian Language Teaching, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;

چکیده [English]

One of the important goals of higher education is to train future specialists to meet the needs of society. Students’ deliberate and conscious choice of university major can be effective in achieving this goal. Also, students’ positive attitude towards their major and career prospects can enhance their motivation. The goal of this mixed-methods (quantitative-qualitative) study is to examine Persian language and literature students’ various forms of motivation and their attitudes towards their university major and career prospects. For this purpose, 200 Persian language and literature students at three educational levels (bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral) answered a questionnaire of attitudes towards the major and career prospects, together with three qualitative questions, that examined their views on benefits and obstacles in the field of Persian language and literature and analyzed their satisfaction with teachers’ teaching styles. The results of the study in light of the dual continuum model of motivation showed that students’ attitudes toward their major and future prospects are generally average. There was, however, a significant difference in different educational levels in terms of students’ attitudes. In other words, undergraduate students expressed positive attitudes, compared to doctoral students. This appears to bring about passive motivation among students and hamper their academic progress. Necessary measures should be implemented to change students’ attitudes as their motivation may turn into active or passive demotivation. To overcome these challenges, some amendments should be introduced: introducing more practical courses, implementing novel and effective teaching methods, running specialized entrepreneurship workshops and enhancing students’ research skills.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • attitude
  • motivation
  • career prospects
  • Persian language and literature
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فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
دوره 29، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 108
تیر 1402
صفحه 115-132