فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
شناسایی و تبیین ابعاد مؤثر بر دورکاری هوشمند: مدل کاری انعطاف پذیر در دوران بحران بیماری کووید 19 و فراتر از آن
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران
2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران
چکیده
یکی از مدل‌های جدید انجام دادن کار و فعالیت‌ها در عصر حاضر، بهره گیری از دورکاری هوشمند است که به عنوان یک روش جدید برای انجام کار شناخته شده است. کار هوشمند روشی برای چابک‌تر شدن سازمان و مقابله با تغییرات روزافزون بازار و بحران‌های مختلف است. نمونه بارز از بحران های کنونی بیماری همه‌گیر کووید 19 است که کار میلیون‌ها نفر را در سرتاسر جهان به منظور فاصله‌گذاری اجتماعی به خانه‌های افراد منتقل کرده است. این بیماری اثرهای جدی بر نیروی کار و به‌طورکلی، اقتصاد کشورها داشته است. در این شرایط نمی توان با قطعیت پیش‌بینی کرد که چه زمانی اقتصاد دوباره سر پا خواهد شد. استفاده از مدل‌های کاری انعطاف پذیر بخش مهمی از راهبردها در برابر چالش های پیش رو از جمله بحران کووید 19 هستند. در مطالعه حاضر ابعاد مؤثر بر دورکاری هوشمند به عنوان یک الگوی کاری انعطاف پذیر شناسایی و تبیین شد. این تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نوع پژوهش های توصیفی- پیمایشی بود. جامعه آماری کلیه کارکنان و اعضای هیئت علمی دانشگاه پیام نور کشور بودند و حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول کوکران 385 نفر محاسبه شد. گردآوری داده ها با ابزار پرسشنامه صورت گرفت. فرضیه ها از طریق تحلیل عاملی تأییدی بررسی قرار و برای تجزیه و تحلیل مدل از روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری و تحلیل عامل اکتشافی و نرمافزارهایSPSS 22 و8.8 Lisrel استفاده شد. بر اساس داده ها ابعاد دورکاری هوشمند در هشت بعد بهره وری، فناوری، فردی، ارتباطات و همکاری، سازمانی، اجتماعی، مدیریتی و خانواده و زندگی شناسایی و دسته بندی شدند. ارائه راهکارهای مؤثر کار هوشمند، افزایش انعطاف پذیری سازمان ها، بالا بردن مهارت‌ها و کشف مسیرهای تازه و داشتن نگاه میان رشته ای می‌توانند در کمک به کلیه سازمان ها برای برونرفت از این بحران نقش چشمگیری داشته باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Identifying and explaining the dimensions affecting smart remote work: Flexible work model during the crisis of the Covid-19 disease and beyond
نویسندگان [English]
- Sanaz Shafiee 1
- Ali Shahnazari Dorche 2
1 Assistant professor, Department of Information Technology Management, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant professor, Department of Management, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
One of the new models of doing work and activities in today's age is the use of smart remote work, which is known as a new way of doing work. Smart working is a method of achieving a more agile organization and coping with the increasing changes of the market and different crises. One of the main instances of such crises is the current COVID-19 pandemic which has shifted the work of millions of people around the world to homes for social distancing. This pandemic has seriously affected the labor force and the economy of the countries. In such a condition, it cannot be certainly predicted when the economy will flourish again. Flexible working models constitute the majority of the strategies adopted against the faced challenges including COVID-19. In the current study, the effective aspects of intelligent remote working, as a flexible working model, were identified and explained. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type. The statistical population was all faculty and staffs of Payam Noor University, and the sample size was calculated as 385 people based on Cochran's formula. Data collection was done with a questionnaire. Hypotheses were evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis and Structural Equation Modeling and exploratory factor analysis. SPSS 22 and Lisrel 8.8 softwares were used to analyze the model. According to the obtained data, smart remote working consisted of eight dimensions including productivity, technology, individual, communication and cooperation, organization, social, management, and family and life. Providing effective smart work solutions, increasing the flexibility of organizations, raising skills and discovering new ways and having an interdisciplinary perspective can play a significant role in helping all organizations to overcome this crisis.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- COVID-19
- Exploratory Factor Analysis
- work flexibility
- smart work
- smart remote work
- Iran
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