فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
جامعه‌پذیری دانشگاهی: بررسی تطبیقی بین دانشگاهی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی فرهنگی، پژوهشکده مطالعات فرهنگی و اجتماعی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری
2 استادیار گروه مطالعات تطبیقی و نوآوری در آموزش عالی، مؤسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزش عالی،
3 دانشیار دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه تهران
4 استادیار پژوهشکده مطالعات فرهنگی و اجتماعی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری
چکیده
هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تطبیقی جامعه‌پذیری دانشگاهی در میان دانشجویان دانشگاه‌های ایلام بود. این پژوهش از نوع علّی- مقایسه ای بود و جامعه آماری آن دانشجویان مشغول به تحصیل در دانشگاه ملی ایلام، دانشگاه پیام نور و دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام در نیمسال اول تحصیلی 98-1397 به تعداد 8541 نفر بودند. از این تعداد و بر اساس فرمول نمونه گیری کوکران تعداد 348 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌بندی شده به عنوان حجم نمونه تعیین شد. ابزار استفاده شده پرسشنامه محقق ساخته جامعه‌پذیری دانشگاهی بود. به منظور تعیین مناسب بودن گویه های این پرسشنامه از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی و از نرم افزارAMOS20 و برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS22 استفاده شد. بر اساس نتایج تحلیل عاملی، جامعه پذیری دانشگاهی در 5 بعد شامل جامعه پذیری اولیه، جامعه پذیری آموزشی، جامعه پذیری محیطی، جامعه پذیری متأثر از مشغولیت دانشجویی و جامعه پذیری هنجاری و اخلاقی در دانشگاه شناسایی شد. یافته های توصیفی بیانگر آن است که در کل، میزان جامعه پذیری دانشگاهی (جمع پنج مؤلفه) در میان سه دانشگاه مطالعه شده برابر با 99/2 و در سطح متوسط و مطلوب است. نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس نشان داد که بین میزان جامعه پذیری دانشگاهی و ابعاد آن در میان سه نمونه دانشگاهی تفاوت معنادار وجود دارد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که عملکرد دانشگاه‌های سه گانه در ایلام بنا بر نوع مأموریت و سنت دانشگاهی و شیوه عملکرد خود در جذب و تربیت دانشجویان و جامعه‌پذیری آنها تا حدی متفاوت از هم هستند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Academic Socialization: an inter-university comparative study
نویسندگان [English]
- Omid Mohammadzadeh 1
- Seyed Hadi Marjaei 2
- Abu Ali Vedadir 3
- Mohammad Reza Kolahy 4
1 PhD Student in Cultural Sociology, Research Institute of Cultural and Social Studies, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Comparative Studies in Higher Education, Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Cultural and Social Studies, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The purpose of this research was to comparatively study academic socialization among university students in Ilam. This research was a causal-comparative type and its statistical population(N= 8541) included students studying at Ilam National University, Payam Noor University and Islamic Azad University- Ilam branch in the first semester of 2018-19. The sample size was determined (n= 348) based on Cochran's sampling formula and stratified sampling method. The instrument used was a researcher-made academic socialization questionnaire. In order to determine the appropriateness of questionnaire's items, confirmatory factor analysis and AMOS20 software were used. The SPSS22 software was applied for data analysis. Based on the results of factor analysis, academic socialization was identified in 5 dimensions including early socialization, educational socialization, environmental socialization, socialization affected by student engagement, and normal and ethical socialization at the university. Descriptive findings indicated that in general, the rate of academic sociability (total of five components) among the three studied universities was equal to 2.99 and at an average and desirable level. The results of variance analysis test showed that there was a significant difference between the academic socialization level and its dimensions among the three sample universities. The findings showed that performances of the three universities in Ilam were somewhat different depending on the type of academic tradition and mission and their ways to attract, educate and socialize students.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Academic Socialization
- Interuniversity study
- comparative study
- Universities of Ilam
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