فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
عوامل مؤثر بر اجرای علم شهروندان در دانشگاه های ایران
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه مازندران
2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت سیاستگذاری علم و فناوری، دانشگاه مازندران
چکیده
علم شهروندان شیوه ای از تحقیقات جمع سپاری مبتنی بر مشارکت عامه مردم است که برای محققان، شهروندان، سیاستگذاران، جامعه و چرخههای تحقیق و نوآوری منافع متعددی دارد. با مرور ادبیات، نقش پررنگ دانشگاهها در کشورهای مختلف در اجرا و مدیریت پروژههای علم شهروندان نشان داده می شود. در کشور ایران با وجود تأکید بر مشارکت شهروندان در اسناد بالادستی، علم شهروندان چندان مد نظر قرار نگرفته است. هدف این مطالعه برجسته سازی نقش دانشگاه ها در اجرا و ترویج پروژه های علم شهروندان و همچنین ارائه پیشنهادهای سیاستی برای اجرای چنین پروژه هایی در دانشگاه است. در این مطالعه از روش پژوهش آمیخته استفاده شد. نخست با رویکرد کیفی و روش فراتحلیل 224 مقاله منتشرشده در مجلات علمی با کلیدواژه های مرتبط بررسی و از تحلیل 30 مقاله منتخب، عوامل مؤثر بر اجرای علم شهروندان در دانشگاه استخراج شد. در مرحله کمّی با کمک 12 نفر خبره در حوزه علوم مشارکتی، پس از تأیید عوامل، روابط میان این عوامل با روش دیمتل شناسایی شد. نتایج نشان داد که عواملی همچون حمایت دولت از علم شهروندان، شرایط اقتصادی عامه مردم در منطقه، شرایط سیاسی کشور، تعدد و تنوع خبره در دانشگاه، رسالت دانشگاه، رعایت اخلاق علوم مشارکتی و بودجه دانشگاه عوامل علّی هستند و لازم است که سیاستگذاری ها معطوف بر بهبود آنها باشد. عواملی همچون میزان اعتماد عموم به اقدامات و اهداف آن، مشارکت مخاطبان با دانشگاه و تنوع آنها، فرهنگ مشارکت در منطقه، میزان درک عموم از علم و دانش عامه معلول هستند. پیشنهاد می شود که با متمرکز ساختن سیاستگذاری ها در عوامل علّی و بهینه سازی اقدامات، رسیدن به نتایج مطلوب تسهیل و تسریع شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Factors Affecting the Implementation of Citizen Science in Iranian Universities
نویسندگان [English]
- Maisam Shirkhodaie 1
- Mercedeh Pahlavanian 2
1 Associate professor, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran.
2 Doctoral student in Science and Technology Policy Management, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Citizen science is a form of public participation research based on public participation that provides multiple benefits to researchers, citizens, policymakers, and society, as well as research and innovation cycles. Literature review indicates that universities have a significant role in management and implementation of citizen science projects. Despite the emphasis on citizen participation in the high level national documents, citizen`s knowledge has not received much attention in Iran. The purpose of this study was to highlight the role of universities in the implementation and promotion of citizen science projects and to provide policy recommendations for the successful implementation of such projects in universities. This study used a mixed research method. First, using a qualitative approach and the meta-analysis technique, 224 articles published in scientific journals with related keywords were reviewed and finally 30 selected articles were analyzed and the factors affecting the implementation of citizen science in universities were extracted. Then, in quantity stage, after confirming the factors with the help of 12 experts in the field of participatory sciences, , the relationships between these factors were identified by the DEMATEL technique. The results showed that matters such as government’s support of citizen science, public economic conditions in the region, political situation in the country, number and diversity of experts in universities, university mission, ethics of participatory sciences and university budget are the causal factors and policies need to focus on improving them. The results also showed that matters such as public trust in the projects and their aims, participation of university constituencies and their diversity, the participation culture in the region, public understanding of science are the effects. Finally, suggestions were proposed regarding centralization of policy making in the causal factors in order to facilitate the achievement of desired results.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Citizen Science
- entrepreneurial university
- DEMATEL
- Meta-synthesis
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