فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
مسائل جامعه شناختی استقلال دانشگاه در ایران؛ یک مطالعه کیفی
نویسندگان
1 دکتری مدیریت آموزش عالی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.
3 استادیار گروه مدیریت و برنامه ریزی آموزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
4 استاد گروه مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
پیش نیاز موفقیت آموزش عالی استقلال دانشگاه توأم با آزادی علمی است. استقلال دانشگاه عقیده قلبی همه دانشگاهیان در مؤسسات آموزش عالی سراسر جهان است. قوانین و شرایط اجتماعی که دانشگاه ها در آن فعالیت می کنند، بسیار متنوع است و رابطه بین دولت و مؤسسات آموزش عالی می‌تواند شکل‌های مختلفی داشته باشد و لذا، الگویی واحد برای همه وجود ندارد و نمی‌توان ویژگی‌های استقلال دانشگاه‌های یک کشور را برای کشور دیگر در نظر گرفت. پژوهش حاضر با هدف فهم و تبیین ضعف تحقق استقلال دانشگاهی مطلوب در نظام آموزش عالی ایران از نظر جامعه شناختی و بر اساس رویکرد روث وداک از روش تحقیق تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی شکل گرفت. اسناد و متون مورد مطالعه این پژوهش شامل کلیه متون و منابع نوشتاری و گفتاری بود که درباره شرایط استقلال دانشگاهی در ایران مطرح هستند. یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که بیشتر مشکلات استقلال دانشگاهی ایران به ترتیب به دوازده دلیل از ریشه های جامعه شناختی مرتبط با استقلال سازمانی، علمی، مالی و استخدامی برمی گردد. در بخش پایانی راهبردهای سیاستی برنامه ریزی و پاسخگویی مناسب دانشگاه‌ها برای کسب اعتماد بیشتر دولت و جامعه، تعدیل توأمان نگرش های سیاسی دولتی و نگرش‌های رابطه ای دانشگاهی برای افزایش استقلال استخدامی، بازنگری دیدگاه سنتی و دولت گرا در آموزش عالی و تأکید هر چه بیشتر بر اخلاق مداری و ارزش‌های اخلاقی در آموزش عالی برای احیای استقلال دانشگاهی در ایران پیشنهاد شده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Sociological problems of university autonomy in Iran; a qualitative study
نویسندگان [English]
- Ebrahim Khalili 1
- Ali Khorsandi Taskoh 2
- Saeed Ghiasi Nodooshan 3
- Hamidreza Arasteh 4
1 Ph.D., Department of Management and Educational Planning, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management and Educational Planning, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran. , Department of Management and Educational Planning, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Management and Educational Planning, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Educational Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
The prerequisite for the success of higher education is the university autonomy associated with academic freedom. University autonomy is the heart of all academics in higher education institutions around the world. The laws and social conditions in which universities operate are very diverse and the relationship between government and higher education institutions can have different forms; therefore, there is no single model for all. For this reason, the characteristics of the university autonomy in a country cannot be considered for another country. The present research was aimed at understanding and explaining the lack of satisfactory university autonomy in Iran's higher education system in terms of sociology and based on Ruth Wodak approach to critical research discourse methodology. The documents and texts studied in this study included all texts and written and spoken literature on the conditions of university autonomy in Iran. The research findings showed that most of the problems of university autonomy in Iran are due to twelve reasons of sociological roots associated with organizational, academic, financial and staffing autonomy. In the final section, appropriate policy strategies planning and accountability of universities to gain more government and community credibility, simultaneous adjustment of state political attitudes and academic attitudes toward increasing employability, revision of the traditional view and government- oriented in higher education and more emphasis on ethics and moral values in higher education were proposed to revive university autonomy in Iran.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- University autonomy
- Critical Discourse Analysis
- Government
- Wodak approach
- Sociological problems
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